---
title: item — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «item» in the school dictionary: One thing in a list or a group of things, like an item on a shopping list. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# item

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, item, She, scarf, lost property box, funny news item · **What happens:** tick off, cost, buy, be, pack, lose · **To what, where:** item, list, one dollar, six items, supermarket, items

<!-- .vabout -->
«item» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [item in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/item.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One thing in a list or a group of things, like an item on a shopping list.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:m1:1
# text = One thing in a list or a group of things, like an item on a shopping list.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	like	like	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	appos	_	_
15	on	on	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	shopping	shopping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
18	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A piece of news or a report: a news item.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:m2:1
# text = A piece of news or a report: a news item.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	report	report	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One thing for sale in a shop.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:m3:1
# text = One thing for sale in a shop.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	sale	sale	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tick off each item on the list.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:x1:1
# text = Tick off each item on the list.
1	Tick	tick	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	off	off	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
4	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tick off** | imperative | you *not said here* | each item |  | the list |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location item=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each item in the shop costs one dollar.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:x2:1
# text = Each item in the shop costs one dollar.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	dollar	dollar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | each item in the shop | one dollar |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She bought six items at the supermarket.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:x3:1
# text = She bought six items at the supermarket.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	six	six	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	items	item	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	supermarket	supermarket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | She | six items |  | the supermarket |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent item=Theme at supermarket=Asset |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A scarf is an item of clothing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:x4:1
# text = A scarf is an item of clothing.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	scarf	scarf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	clothing	clothing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a scarf | a item |  |  |  | of clothing | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pack these items: torch, water and a map.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:x5:1
# text = Pack these items: torch, water and a map.
1	Pack	pack	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	3	det	_	_
3	items	item	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	torch	torch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pack** | imperative | you *not said here* | this items |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-1-1 «NP.theme V NP»: agent=Theme item=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lost property box was full of items without names.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:x6:1
# text = The lost property box was full of items without names.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	lost	lose	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
3	property	property	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	full	full	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	items	item	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	_
9	without	without	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	names	name	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | past | the lost property box |  |  |  |  | of items; without names; full *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There was a funny news item about a dog that could skate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:x7:1
# text = There was a funny news item about a dog that could skate.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	12	nsubj	_	_
11	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	12	aux	_	_
12	skate	skate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a funny news item about a dog |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **skate** | could | a dog |  |  |  |  |  | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many items can you remember from the tray?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:x8:1
# text = How many items can you remember from the tray?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	items	item	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
4	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	tray	tray	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remember** | can | many items |  |  | the tray |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The last item on the programme was a grand display of fireworks, to be let off exactly at midnight.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:item:x9:1
# text = The last item on the programme was a grand display of fireworks, to be let off exactly at midnight.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	programme	programme	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	grand	grand	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	display	display	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	fireworks	firework	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
15	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	let	let	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
17	off	off	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	exactly	exactly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
19	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	midnight	midnight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | the last item on the programme | a grand display |  |  |  | of fireworks | tree rules |
| 2 | **let off** | to-infinitive · passive | the last item on the programme *not said here* |  |  |  | midnight | exactly *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V PP.recipient» |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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