---
title: ivy — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ivy» in the school dictionary: An evergreen climbing plant with dark shiny leaves that grows up walls and trees. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# ivy

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** that, different plant, Ivy, Birds, you, berries · **What happens:** grow up, give, be, climb, eat, not eat · **To what, where:** walls, itchy rash, name, old castle wall, ivy berries, Holly · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ivy» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ivy in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ivy.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An evergreen climbing plant with dark shiny leaves that grows up walls and trees.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:m1:1
# text = An evergreen climbing plant with dark shiny leaves that grows up walls and trees.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	evergreen	evergreen	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	climbing	climbing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	shiny	shiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	grows	grow	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	walls	wall	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow up** | present | that | walls and trees |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location wall=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: poison ivy, North America — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A different plant whose leaves give an itchy rash.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:m2:1
# text = A different plant whose leaves give an itchy rash.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	different	different	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	plant	plant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
6	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	itchy	itchy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	rash	rash	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | a different plant | a itchy rash |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rash=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Ivy League, USA — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A group of old famous universities.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:m3:1
# text = A group of old famous universities.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	universities	university	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ivy is a girl's name.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:m4:1
# text = Ivy is a girl's name.
1	Ivy	Ivy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ivy | a girl's name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ivy climbed all over the old castle wall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:x1:1
# text = Ivy climbed all over the old castle wall.
1	Ivy	Ivy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	all	all	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	castle	castle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	wall	wall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | past | Ivy |  |  | the old castle wall |  | all *property* | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over wall=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds eat ivy berries in winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:x2:1
# text = Birds eat ivy berries in winter.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ivy	ivy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Birds | ivy berries |  |  | winter |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't eat ivy berries; they are poisonous to people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:x3:1
# text = Don't eat ivy berries; they are poisonous to people.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	ivy	ivy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	berries	berry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
7	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
9	poisonous	poisonous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	advcl	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | ivy berries |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent berry=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | berries *= berry* |  |  |  |  | to people; poisonous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We sang «The Holly and the Ivy» at the Christmas concert.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:x4:1
# text = We sang «The Holly and the Ivy» at the Christmas concert.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sang	sing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Holly	Holly	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	Ivy	Ivy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
10	at	at	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Christmas	Christmas	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	concert	concert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sing** *speech: express* | past | We | the Holly and the Ivy |  | the Christmas concert |  |  | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location holly=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Canada we learn: leaves of three, let it be — that's poison ivy.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:x5:1
# text = In Canada we learn: leaves of three, let it be — that's poison ivy.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	learn	learn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	leaves	leaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	let	let	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	be	be	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	xcomp	_	_
13	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
14	that	that	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
16	poison	poison	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	ivy	ivy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present | we | leaves of three |  | Canada |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Topic |
| 2 | **let** | infinitive | we *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **is a** | present | that | poison ivy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Badger's house had an ivy-covered entrance.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:x6:1
# text = The Badger's house had an ivy-covered entrance.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Badger	Badger	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
7	ivy	ivy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	amod	_	_
10	entrance	entrance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the Badger's house | a covered entrance |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent entrance=Patient |
| 2 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My great-gran was called Ivy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ivy:x7:1
# text = My great-gran was called Ivy.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	gran	gran	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	Ivy	Ivy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past · passive |  | My great gran |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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