---
title: jan — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «jan» in the school dictionary: Short written form of January, the first month of the year. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# jan

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**Who acts:** calendar, Jan, January, cousin, chart, you · **What happens:** write, form, show, be, have, live · **To what, where:** January, Poland, label

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«jan» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [jan in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/jan.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Short written form of January, the first month of the year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jan:m1:1
# text = Short written form of January, the first month of the year.
1	Short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
2	written	write	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **form** |  |  | January |  |  |  |  | nom form «communication transitive»: of=patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A first name in several languages (Jan, for boys in Dutch, Polish and Czech; sometimes short for Janet or Janice).

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jan:m2:1
# text = A first name in several languages (Jan, for boys in Dutch, Polish and Czech; sometimes short for Janet or Janice).
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	several	several	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	languages	language	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
7	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	Jan	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	Dutch	dutch	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	Polish	polish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	Czech	czech	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	20	punct	_	_
19	sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	20	advmod	_	_
20	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	conj	_	_
21	for	for	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	Janet	Janet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
23	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	Janice	Janice	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The calendar shows Jan, Feb, Mar along the top.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jan:x1:1
# text = The calendar shows Jan, Feb, Mar along the top.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	calendar	calendar	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	shows	show	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Jan	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	Feb	February	PROPN	NNP	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	Mar	March	PROPN	NNP	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
9	along	along	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | present | the calendar |  |  |  | january | along the top | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jan is short for January.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jan:x2:1
# text = Jan is short for January.
1	Jan	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Jan |  |  |  | january | short *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
January, or Jan, has 31 days.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jan:x3:1
# text = January, or Jan, has 31 days.
1	January	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	Jan	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
6	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	31	31	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | January or Jan |  |  |  | day |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My cousin Jan lives in Poland.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jan:x4:1
# text = My cousin Jan lives in Poland.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Jan	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Poland	Poland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | present | My cousin |  |  | Poland |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in poland=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The chart starts in Jan and ends in Dec.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jan:x5:1
# text = The chart starts in Jan and ends in Dec.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	chart	chart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Jan	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	ends	end	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Dec.	December	PROPN	NNP	Abbr=Yes|Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | the chart |  |  |  | january |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **end** | present | the chart *not said here* |  |  |  | december |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Write "Jan" on the label for the first month.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jan:x6:1
# text = Write "Jan" on the label for the first month.
1	Write	write	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	Jan	January	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	label	label	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	11	amod	_	_
11	month	month	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | the label | january; month |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on label=Destination |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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