---
title: japan — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «japan» in the school dictionary: Japan: an island country in East Asia, in the Pacific Ocean; its capital city is Tokyo. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# japan

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** capital city, Japan, capital, Mount Fuji, Children, We · **What happens:** be, practise, fold, come, bow, say · **To what, where:** Tokyo, island country, Asia, highest mountain, Japan, earthquake drills · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«japan» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [japan in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/japan.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Japan: an island country in East Asia, in the Pacific Ocean; its capital city is Tokyo.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:m1:1
# text = Japan: an island country in East Asia, in the Pacific Ocean; its capital city is Tokyo.
1	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Pacific	Pacific	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	Ocean	Ocean	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
15	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	17	nmod:poss	_	_
16	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	city	city	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	cop	_	_
19	Tokyo	Tokyo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Ocean's capital city | Tokyo |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
japan (rare): a hard, glossy black lacquer, and to coat something with it.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:m2:1
# text = japan (rare): a hard, glossy black lacquer, and to coat something with it.
1	japan	japan	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	rare	rare	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
7	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
9	glossy	glossy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
10	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	lacquer	lacquer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	11	appos	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Japan is an island country in Asia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:x1:1
# text = Japan is an island country in Asia.
1	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	island	island	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Asia	Asia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Japan | a island country |  | Asia |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The capital of Japan is Tokyo.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:x2:1
# text = The capital of Japan is Tokyo.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	Tokyo	Tokyo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the capital of Japan | Tokyo |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mount Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:x3:1
# text = Mount Fuji is the highest mountain in Japan.
1	Mount	Mount	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Fuji	Fuji	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	highest	high	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	6	amod	_	_
6	mountain	mountain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Mount Fuji | the highest mountain |  | Japan |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Children in Japan practise earthquake drills at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:x4:1
# text = Children in Japan practise earthquake drills at school.
1	Children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	practise	practise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	earthquake	earthquake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	drills	drill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **practise** | present | Children in Japan | earthquake drills |  | school |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We folded paper cranes — origami comes from Japan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:x5:1
# text = We folded paper cranes — origami comes from Japan.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	folded	fold	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	cranes	crane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	origami	origami	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fold** | past | We | paper cranes |  |  |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent crane=Patient |
| 2 | **come** | present | origami |  |  | Japan |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from japan=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People in Japan often bow to say hello.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:x6:1
# text = People in Japan often bow to say hello.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	in	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	nmod	_	_
4	often	often	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	bow	bow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	hello	hello	INTJ	UH	_	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bow** | present | People in Japan |  |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive | People in Japan *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent hello=Topic |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My cousin is learning Japanese.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:x7:1
# text = My cousin is learning Japanese.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	learning	learn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	Japanese	Japanese	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **learn** | present · progressive | My cousin | Japanese |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent japanese=Topic |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
“This is Urashima Taro, from the country of Japan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:japan:x8:1
# text = “This is Urashima Taro, from the country of Japan.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	This	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	Urashima	Urashima	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	Taro	Taro	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	appos	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** *in a quote* | present | This | Urashima Taro |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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