---
title: jaywalk — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «jaywalk» in the school dictionary: To cross a road carelessly or in a place where you should not, not at a crossing and without waiting for the green signal. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# jaywalk

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** you, Jaywalking, We, police officer, Drivers, children · **What happens:** cross, wait, not jaywalk, use, fine, jaywalk · **To what, where:** road, crossing, He, jaywalker, children, buses

<!-- .vabout -->
«jaywalk» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [jaywalk in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/jaywalk.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To cross a road carelessly or in a place where you should not, not at a crossing and without waiting for the green signal.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jaywalk:m1:1
# text = To cross a road carelessly or in a place where you should not, not at a crossing and without waiting for the green signal.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	cross	cross	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	carelessly	carelessly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	12	advmod	_	_
11	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	should	should	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	12	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	18	advmod	_	_
16	at	at	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	crossing	crossing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
20	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
21	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	conj	_	_
22	for	for	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
24	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	signal	signal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cross** | to-infinitive |  | a road |  |  |  | at a crossing; in a place | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP PP.recipient PP.theme»: agent=Agent road=Patient in place=Topic |
| 2 | **wait** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | for the green signal | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't jaywalk; use the crossing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jaywalk:x1:1
# text = Don't jaywalk; use the crossing.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	jaywalk	jaywalk	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	5	punct	_	_
5	use	use	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	crossing	crossing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **jaywalk** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | infinitive | you *not said here* | the crossing |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crossing=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was fined for jaywalking in New York.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jaywalk:x2:1
# text = He was fined for jaywalking in New York.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	fined	fine	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	jaywalking	jaywalking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	flat	_	_
8	York	York	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fine** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  | for jaywalking in New York | vn bill-54.5-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jaywalking between parked cars is very dangerous.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jaywalk:x3:1
# text = Jaywalking between parked cars is very dangerous.
1	Jaywalking	jaywalk	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	between	between	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	parked	park	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	cars	car	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	very	very	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jaywalk** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | between parked cars | tree rules |
| 2 | **park** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is** | present | Jaywalking |  |  |  |  | dangerous *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We waited for the green man instead of jaywalking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jaywalk:x4:1
# text = We waited for the green man instead of jaywalking.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	instead	instead	ADV	RB	ExtPos=SCONJ	9	mark	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	jaywalking	jaywalk	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | past | We |  |  |  |  | for the green man | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **jaywalk** | gerund | We *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The police officer warned the jaywalker.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jaywalk:x5:1
# text = The police officer warned the jaywalker.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	police	police	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	officer	officer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	jaywalker	jaywalker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the police officer | the jaywalker |  |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent jaywalker=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Drivers cannot see children who jaywalk from behind buses.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jaywalk:x6:1
# text = Drivers cannot see children who jaywalk from behind buses.
1	Drivers	driver	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	jaywalk	jaywalk	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	behind	behind	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	buses	bus	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **see** | can | Drivers | children |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer child=Stimulus |
| 2 | **jaywalk** | present | children |  |  | buses |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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