---
title: jerkin — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «jerkin» in the school dictionary: A short, close-fitting jacket without sleeves, often of leather, worn by men in the 1500s and 1600s. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# jerkin

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Tudor man, I, archers, Builders, knave, master · **What happens:** wear, carry, tear, hold · **To what, where:** leather, 1500s, leather jerkin, shirt, brown jerkin, jerkins

<!-- .vabout -->
«jerkin» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [jerkin in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/jerkin.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A short, close-fitting jacket without sleeves, often of leather, worn by men in the 1500s and 1600s.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jerkin:m1:1
# text = A short, close-fitting jacket without sleeves, often of leather, worn by men in the 1500s and 1600s.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
2	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	fitting	fitting	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	without	without	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	sleeves	sleeve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	often	often	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	leather	leather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
16	by	by	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	men	man	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	obl	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	1500s	1500	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	15	obl	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	1600s	1600	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan|NumForm=Combi|NumType=Card	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | participle |  | leather *not said here* |  | the 1500s and 1600s |  | by men | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A modern sleeveless jacket, especially a work or high-visibility one.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jerkin:m2:1
# text = A modern sleeveless jacket, especially a work or high-visibility one.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	modern	modern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	sleeveless	sleeveless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	visibility	visibility	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Tudor man wore a leather jerkin over his shirt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jerkin:x1:1
# text = The Tudor man wore a leather jerkin over his shirt.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	Tudor	tudor	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	leather	leather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	jerkin	jerkin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	over	over	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the Tudor man | a leather jerkin |  | man's shirt |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent jerkin=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
For the play I wore a brown jerkin and a hat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jerkin:x2:1
# text = For the play I wore a brown jerkin and a hat.
1	For	for	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	play	play	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	jerkin	jerkin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	hat	hat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | I | a brown jerkin and a hat |  |  |  | for the play | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent jerkin=Source |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The archers wore jerkins and carried longbows.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jerkin:x3:1
# text = The archers wore jerkins and carried longbows.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	archers	archer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	jerkins	jerkin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	carried	carry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
7	longbows	longbow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the archers | jerkins |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent jerkin=Source |
| 2 | **carry** | past | the archers *not said here* | longbows |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent longbow=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Builders wear bright yellow jerkins on site.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jerkin:x4:1
# text = Builders wear bright yellow jerkins on site.
1	Builders	builder	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	wear	wear	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
4	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	jerkins	jerkin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	site	site	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | Builders | bright yellow jerkins |  | site |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent jerkin=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the picture, the knave wears a red jerkin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jerkin:x5:1
# text = In the picture, the knave wears a red jerkin.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	picture	picture	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	knave	knave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	wears	wear	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	jerkin	jerkin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | present | the knave | a red jerkin |  | the picture |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent jerkin=Source |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The woodcutter's jerkin was torn by brambles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jerkin:x6:1
# text = The woodcutter's jerkin was torn by brambles.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	woodcutter	woodcutter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	jerkin	jerkin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	torn	tear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	brambles	bramble	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tear** | past · passive |  | the woodcutter's jerkin |  |  |  | by brambles | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The master no longer wore the white garments of the day before, but a black jerkin, held in its place by a leathern girdle with huge clasps.

<!-- fold The tree, 27 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jerkin:x7:1
# text = The master no longer wore the white garments of the day before, but a black jerkin, held in its place by a leathern girdle with huge clasps.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	no	no	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	5	advmod	_	_
5	wore	wear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	before	before	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	jerkin	jerkin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
20	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	22	nmod:poss	_	_
22	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
23	by	by	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	leathern	leathern	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	girdle	girdle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
27	with	with	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	amod	_	_
29	clasps	clasp	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | past | the master | the white garments of the day |  |  |  | a black jerkin *obl*; long *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent garment=Source |
| 2 | **hold** | participle |  | a black jerkin *not said here* |  | master's place |  | by a leathern girdle with huge clasps | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in place=Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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