---
title: jib — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «jib» in the school dictionary: A triangle-shaped sail at the front of a sailing boat. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/J/jib/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [J](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/J/) / jib

# jib

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** long arm, horse, sailor, boat, jib, He · **What happens:** shape, stick out, hold, jib, mean, refuse · **To what, where:** hook, something, it, jib, wind, breeze · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«jib» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [jib in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/jib.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A triangle-shaped sail at the front of a sailing boat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jib:m1:1
# text = A triangle-shaped sail at the front of a sailing boat.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	triangle	triangle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	shaped	shape	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	sail	sail	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	sailing	sailing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shape** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The long arm of a crane that sticks out and holds the hook.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jib:m2:1
# text = The long arm of a crane that sticks out and holds the hook.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	arm	arm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	sticks	stick	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	hook	hook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stick out** | present | the long arm of a crane |  |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **hold** | present | the long arm of a crane *not said here* | the hook |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hook=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To jib (at something) means to refuse to do it or be unwilling, like a horse that stops and will not go on.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jib:m3:1
# text = To jib (at something) means to refuse to do it or be unwilling, like a horse that stops and will not go on.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	jib	jib	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	csubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	5	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	refuse	refuse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	cop	_	_
15	unwilling	unwilling	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	like	like	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
20	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	21	nsubj	_	_
21	stops	stop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	acl:relcl	_	_
22	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
23	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	25	aux	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	conj	_	_
26	on	on	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jib** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **refuse** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 4 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  | it |  |  |  | like a horse | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
| 5 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | unwilling *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **stop** | present | a horse |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 7 | **not** **go on** | future | a horse *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sailor raised the jib, and the boat turned into the wind.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jib:x1:1
# text = The sailor raised the jib, and the boat turned into the wind.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sailor	sailor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	raised	raise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	jib	jib	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
10	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
11	into	into	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	wind	wind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **raise** | past | the sailor | the jib |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jib=Theme |
| 2 | **turn** | past | the boat |  |  | the wind |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into wind=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The jib flapped in the breeze.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jib:x2:1
# text = The jib flapped in the breeze.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	jib	jib	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flapped	flap	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	breeze	breeze	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flap** | past | the jib |  |  | the breeze |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in breeze=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The crane's jib swung slowly over the building site.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jib:x3:1
# text = The crane's jib swung slowly over the building site.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	crane	crane	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	jib	jib	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	swung	swing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	over	over	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	site	site	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **swing** | past | the crane's jib |  |  | the building site |  | slowly *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme over site=Trajectory |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The horse jibbed at the gate and would not go through.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jib:x4:1
# text = The horse jibbed at the gate and would not go through.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
3	jibbed	jib	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	gate	gate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
8	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
9	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
10	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
11	through	through	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jib** | participle |  | the horse *not said here* |  | the gate |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **go through** | would | the horse |  |  |  |  | through *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He jibbed at paying so much for a ticket.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jib:x5:1
# text = He jibbed at paying so much for a ticket.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	jibbed	jib	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
4	paying	pay	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	much	much	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jib** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **pay** | gerund | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for a ticket | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for ticket=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandad said he liked the cut of her jib.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jib:x6:1
# text = Grandad said he liked the cut of her jib.
1	Grandad	Grandad	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	liked	like	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	cut	cut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	jib	jib	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Grandad |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **like** | past | Grandad | the cut of her jib |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot cut=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [jewish](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/J/jewish/)
- next →: [jiffy](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/J/jiffy/)
- ↑ back to [J in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/J/)