---
title: jobless — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «jobless» in the school dictionary: Without a paid job; unemployed. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# jobless

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** People, factory, jobless rate, Dad, charity, news · **What happens:** pay, not have, leave, close, go down, be · **To what, where:** jobs, Many people, new work, jobless find training, new skills · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«jobless» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [jobless in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/jobless.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Without a paid job; unemployed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jobless:m1:1
# text = Without a paid job; unemployed.
1	Without	without	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	paid	pay	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	amod	_	_
4	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	6	punct	_	_
6	unemployed	unemployed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pay** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: the jobless — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People who do not have jobs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jobless:m2:1
# text = People who do not have jobs.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
2	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
3	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	acl:relcl	_	_
6	jobs	job	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **have** | present · do-support | People | jobs |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent job=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many people were left jobless when the factory closed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jobless:x1:1
# text = Many people were left jobless when the factory closed.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	jobless	jobless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	factory	factory	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	closed	close	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past · passive |  | Many people |  |  |  | jobless *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **close** | participle | the factory |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The jobless rate went down this year.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jobless:x2:1
# text = The jobless rate went down this year.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	jobless	jobless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	rate	rate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	down	down	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go down** | past | the jobless rate |  |  |  | year | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad was jobless for three months, then found new work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jobless:x3:1
# text = Dad was jobless for three months, then found new work.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	jobless	jobless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	months	month	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	9	advmod	_	_
9	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Dad |  |  |  | month | jobless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **find** | past |  | new work |  |  | then |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The charity helps the jobless find training.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jobless:x4:1
# text = The charity helps the jobless find training.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	charity	charity	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	jobless	jobless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	find	find	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	training	training	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | present | the charity | the jobless find training |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent training=Beneficiary |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The news said the number of jobless people had risen.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jobless:x5:1
# text = The news said the number of jobless people had risen.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	jobless	jobless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	risen	rise	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the news |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **rise** | past · perfect | the number of jobless people |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Being jobless can be very stressful for a family.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jobless:x6:1
# text = Being jobless can be very stressful for a family.
1	Being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	cop	_	_
2	jobless	jobless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	csubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	very	very	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	stressful	stressful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | jobless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | can |  |  |  |  |  | for a family; stressful *property* | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She was jobless but used the time to learn new skills.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jobless:x7:1
# text = She was jobless but used the time to learn new skills.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	jobless	jobless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	learn	learn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	_
10	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	skills	skill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | She |  |  |  |  | jobless *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | past | She *not said here* |  |  |  | time |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **learn** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | new skills |  |  |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skill=Topic |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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