---
title: jostle — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «jostle» in the school dictionary: To push and bump against people in a crowd. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# jostle

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** players, People, animals, you, ducklings, Fans · **What happens:** push, bump, compete, jostle, get, not jostle · **To what, where:** crowd, train, each, river bank, lunch queue, singer

<!-- .vabout -->
«jostle» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [jostle in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/jostle.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To push and bump against people in a crowd.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jostle:m1:1
# text = To push and bump against people in a crowd.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	push	push	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	bump	bump	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
5	against	against	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **push** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **bump** | infinitive |  |  |  | a crowd |  | against people | vn bump-18.4-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme against people=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To compete hard for something: players jostling for a place in the team.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jostle:m2:1
# text = To compete hard for something: players jostling for a place in the team.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	compete	compete	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
7	players	player	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	appos	_	_
8	jostling	jostle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	acl	_	_
9	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	team	team	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **compete** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | for something; hard *property* | vn battle-36.4 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **jostle** | gerund | players *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for a place in the team | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
People jostled to get onto the train.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jostle:x1:1
# text = People jostled to get onto the train.
1	People	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	jostled	jostle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	get	get	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	onto	onto	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jostle** | past | People |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **get** | to-infinitive | People *not said here* |  |  | the train |  |  | vn escape-51.1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme onto train=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The animals jostled each other on the river bank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jostle:x2:1
# text = The animals jostled each other on the river bank.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jostled	jostle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	3	obj	_	_
5	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	fixed	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jostle** | past | the animals | each |  | the river bank |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please don't jostle in the lunch queue.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jostle:x3:1
# text = Please don't jostle in the lunch queue.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	_
2	do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	jostle	jostle	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	queue	queue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **jostle** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* |  |  | the lunch queue |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ducklings jostled for the bread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jostle:x4:1
# text = The ducklings jostled for the bread.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ducklings	duckling	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	jostled	jostle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jostle** | past | the ducklings |  |  |  |  | for the bread | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Fans jostled to see the singer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jostle:x5:1
# text = Fans jostled to see the singer.
1	Fans	fan	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	jostled	jostle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	singer	singer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jostle** | past | Fans |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **see** | to-infinitive | Fans *not said here* | the singer |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer singer=Stimulus |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Three teams are jostling for the top spot.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jostle:x6:1
# text = Three teams are jostling for the top spot.
1	Three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	teams	team	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	jostling	jostle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	top	top	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jostle** | present · progressive | Three teams |  |  |  |  | for the top spot | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I was jostled and dropped my ice cream.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:jostle:x7:1
# text = I was jostled and dropped my ice cream.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	jostled	jostle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	dropped	drop	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
7	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **jostle** | past · passive |  | I |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1-1 «NP V NP ADJP-Result»: subject=Result |
| 2 | **drop** | participle |  | my ice cream |  |  |  |  | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cream=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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