---
title: juror — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «juror» in the school dictionary: A juror is one of the ordinary adult citizens on a jury, the group who listen to a trial in court and decide if the accused person is guilty or not guilty. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# juror

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** juror, group, accused person, Twelve jurors, Jurors, man · **What happens:** be, listen, decide, accuse, not be, take · **To what, where:** one, court, notes, Mum, juror · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«juror» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [juror in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/juror.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: law — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A juror is one of the ordinary adult citizens on a jury, the group who listen to a trial in court and decide if the accused person is guilty or not guilty.

<!-- fold The tree, 32 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:juror:m1:1
# text = A juror is one of the ordinary adult citizens on a jury, the group who listen to a trial in court and decide if the accused person is guilty or not guilty.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	juror	juror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	ordinary	ordinary	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	adult	adult	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	citizens	citizen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	jury	jury	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	group	group	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
16	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	17	nsubj	_	_
17	listen	listen	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	acl:relcl	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	trial	trial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	in	in	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	decide	decide	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
25	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	30	mark	_	_
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
27	accused	accuse	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	28	amod	_	_
28	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nsubj	_	_
29	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	30	cop	_	_
30	guilty	guilty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	ccomp	_	_
31	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	33	advmod	_	_
33	guilty	guilty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
34	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a juror | one and the group |  |  |  | of the ordinary adult citizens on a jury | tree rules |
| 2 | **listen** | present | the group |  |  | court |  | to a trial | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to trial=Theme |
| 3 | **decide** | present | the group *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **accuse** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn suspect-81 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **is** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | the accused person |  |  |  |  | guilty *property* | tree rules |
| 6 | **not** **be** |  | the accused person *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Twelve jurors listened to the trial.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:juror:x1:1
# text = Twelve jurors listened to the trial.
1	Twelve	twelve	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	jurors	juror	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	listened	listen	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	trial	trial	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | past | Twelve jurors |  |  |  |  | to the trial | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to trial=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The juror took notes during the evidence.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:juror:x2:1
# text = The juror took notes during the evidence.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	juror	juror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	during	during	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	evidence	evidence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | the juror | notes |  |  | during the evidence |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent note=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jurors must not talk about the case outside court.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:juror:x3:1
# text = Jurors must not talk about the case outside court.
1	Jurors	juror	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	talk	talk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	about	about	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **talk** | must | Jurors |  |  |  |  | about the case outside court | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about case=Topic |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum was called to be a juror.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:juror:x4:1
# text = Mum was called to be a juror.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	juror	juror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | past · passive |  | Mum |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **is a** | to-infinitive |  | a juror |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The jurors decided the man was not guilty.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:juror:x5:1
# text = The jurors decided the man was not guilty.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	jurors	juror	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	decided	decide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	guilty	guilty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **decide** | past | the jurors |  |  |  |  |  | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **is** | past | the man |  |  |  |  | guilty *property* | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each juror promised to be fair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:juror:x6:1
# text = Each juror promised to be fair.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	juror	juror	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	promised	promise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
5	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
6	fair	fair	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **promise** *speech: promise* | past | each juror |  |  |  |  |  | vn promise-37.13 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | each juror *not said here* |  |  |  |  | fair *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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