---
title: karate — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «karate» in the school dictionary: A Japanese martial art and sport in which people fight using hands, feet, elbows and knees, with strikes, kicks and blocks. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# karate

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** people, coloured belts, I, She, karate teacher, respect · **What happens:** fight, use, show, train, do, get · **To what, where:** Japanese martial art, hands, levels, sport, karate, yellow belt · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«karate» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [karate in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/karate.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Japanese martial art and sport in which people fight using hands, feet, elbows and knees, with strikes, kicks and blocks.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:karate:m1:1
# text = A Japanese martial art and sport in which people fight using hands, feet, elbows and knees, with strikes, kicks and blocks.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Japanese	Japanese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	martial	martial	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	art	art	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	obl	_	_
9	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	nsubj	_	_
10	fight	fight	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	using	use	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	advcl	_	_
12	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	feet	foot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
16	elbows	elbow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	knees	knee	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	strikes	strike	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	kicks	kick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	blocks	block	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fight** | present | people |  |  | a Japanese martial art and sport |  |  | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **use** | gerund | people *not said here* | hands and feet and elbows and knees |  |  |  | with strikes and kicks and blocks | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent hand=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The skills and training of this sport, with coloured belts showing levels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:karate:m2:1
# text = The skills and training of this sport, with coloured belts showing levels.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	skills	skill	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	training	training	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	7	det	_	_
7	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	coloured	coloured	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	belts	belt	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
12	showing	show	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	levels	level	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **show** | gerund | coloured belts *not said here* | levels |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent level=Recipient |
| 2 | **train** |  |  | this sport |  |  |  |  | nom training «act transitive»: of=patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I do karate on Tuesdays and Thursdays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:karate:x1:1
# text = I do karate on Tuesdays and Thursdays.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	do	do	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	karate	karate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	Tuesdays	Tuesday	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Thursdays	Thursday	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | I | karate |  |  | tuesday |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent karate=Eventuality |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She got her yellow belt in karate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:karate:x2:1
# text = She got her yellow belt in karate.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	got	get	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	belt	belt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	karate	karate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **get** | past | She | her yellow belt |  | karate |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer belt=Stimulus |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our karate teacher says respect comes first.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:karate:x3:1
# text = Our karate teacher says respect comes first.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	karate	karate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	respect	respect	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	ccomp	_	_
7	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Our karate teacher |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **come** | present | respect |  |  |  |  | first *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He pretended to do a karate chop on the cardboard box.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:karate:x4:1
# text = He pretended to do a karate chop on the cardboard box.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pretended	pretend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	karate	karate	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	chop	chop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	cardboard	cardboard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	box	box	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pretend** | past | He |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **do** | to-infinitive | He *not said here* | a karate chop |  | the cardboard box |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent chop=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Karate came from Okinawa in Japan.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:karate:x5:1
# text = Karate came from Okinawa in Japan.
1	Karate	Karate	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Okinawa	Okinawa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Japan	Japan	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Karate |  |  | Okinawa |  | in Japan | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from okinawa=Initial\_Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You bow when you enter the karate hall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:karate:x6:1
# text = You bow when you enter the karate hall.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bow	bow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	enter	enter	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	karate	karate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bow** | present | You |  |  |  |  |  | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **enter** | present | you | the karate hall |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hall=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Karate is for self-defence, not for starting fights.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:karate:x7:1
# text = Karate is for self-defence, not for starting fights.
1	Karate	Karate	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	self	self	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	defence	defence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	10	advmod	_	_
9	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	10	mark	_	_
10	starting	start	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	_
11	fights	fight	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Karate |  |  |  |  | for self defence | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **start** | gerund | Karate *not said here* | fights |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fight=Eventuality |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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