---
title: kayak — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «kayak» in the school dictionary: A light, narrow boat for one or two people, with a covered top, moved with a paddle that has a blade at each end. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/K/kayak/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [K](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/K/) / kayak

# kayak

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** paddle, We, you, Inuit hunters, kayak, kayak paddle · **What happens:** cover, move, have, travel, paddle, wear · **To what, where:** blade, end, kayak, lake, life jacket, kayaks

<!-- .vabout -->
«kayak» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [kayak in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/kayak.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A light, narrow boat for one or two people, with a covered top, moved with a paddle that has a blade at each end.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:m1:1
# text = A light, narrow boat for one or two people, with a covered top, moved with a paddle that has a blade at each end.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	narrow	narrow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	conj	_	_
10	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	covered	cover	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	15	amod	_	_
15	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	moved	move	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	_
18	with	with	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	paddle	paddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
21	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	22	nsubj	_	_
22	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	acl:relcl	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	blade	blade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
26	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	27	det	_	_
27	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **move** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | with a paddle | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | present | a paddle | a blade |  |  | at each end |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blade=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: verb — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To travel in a kayak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:m2:1
# text = To travel in a kayak.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	travel	travel	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kayak	kayak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | a kayak |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in kayak=Trajectory |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We paddled a kayak across the lake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:x1:1
# text = We paddled a kayak across the lake.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	paddled	paddle	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kayak	kayak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	across	across	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	lake	lake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **paddle** | past | We | a kayak |  | the lake |  |  | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent kayak=Theme across lake=Trajectory |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Always wear a life jacket in a kayak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:x2:1
# text = Always wear a life jacket in a kayak.
1	Always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	2	advmod	_	_
2	wear	wear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	kayak	kayak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wear** | imperative | you *not said here* | a life jacket |  | a kayak |  | always *property* | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent jacket=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Inuit hunters used kayaks made from seal skin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:x3:1
# text = Inuit hunters used kayaks made from seal skin.
1	Inuit	inuit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	hunters	hunter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	kayaks	kayak	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	seal	seal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | Inuit hunters | kayaks |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kayak=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | kayaks *not said here* |  | seal skin |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: agent=Asset from skin=Material |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We went kayaking on the river at camp.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:x4:1
# text = We went kayaking on the river at camp.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	kayaking	kayak	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | We |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **kayak** | gerund | We *not said here* |  |  | the river |  | at camp | vn vehicle-51.4.1-1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kayak tipped over, but I swam to the bank.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:x5:1
# text = The kayak tipped over, but I swam to the bank.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kayak	kayak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	tipped	tip	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	over	over	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	swam	swim	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bank	bank	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tip over** | participle |  | the kayak *not said here* |  |  |  | over *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **swim** | past | the kayak |  |  | the bank |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to bank=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kayak paddle has a blade at each end.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:x6:1
# text = A kayak paddle has a blade at each end.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	kayak	kayak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	paddle	paddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	blade	blade	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	9	det	_	_
9	end	end	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a kayak paddle | a blade |  |  | at each end |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent blade=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Two of us fit in the double kayak.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:x7:1
# text = Two of us fit in the double kayak.
1	Two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nsubj	_	_
2	of	of	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	1	nmod	_	_
4	fit	fit	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	double	double	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	kayak	kayak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fit** | present | Two of us |  |  | the double kayak |  |  | vn funnel-9.3-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent in kayak=Trajectory |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I will deck the spot with thy kayak, and thy arrows, and the angekokk shall dance over it.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kayak:x8:1
# text = I will deck the spot with thy kayak, and thy arrows, and the angekokk shall dance over it.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	deck	deck	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	spot	spot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	kayak	kayak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	thy	thy	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs|Style=Arch	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	angekokk	angekokk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	shall	shall	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	dance	dance	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	conj	_	_
19	over	over	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deck** | future | I | the spot |  |  |  | with thy kayak; thy arrows *obl* | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent spot=Destination with kayak=Theme |
| 2 | **dance** | shall | the angekokk |  |  | kayak |  |  | vn modes\_of\_being\_with\_motion-47.3 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over it=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [karma](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/K/karma/)
- next →: [kazak](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/K/kazak/)
- ↑ back to [K in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/K/)