---
title: keepsake — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «keepsake» in the school dictionary: A small thing you keep to help you remember a person, place or time. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# keepsake

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** small thing, you, gift, Gran, I, ticket · **What happens:** keep, help, remember, give, be, letter · **To what, where:** you, person, gift, giver, old brooch, me

<!-- .vabout -->
«keepsake» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [keepsake in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/keepsake.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A small thing you keep to help you remember a person, place or time.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keepsake:m1:1
# text = A small thing you keep to help you remember a person, place or time.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	thing	thing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:outer	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	help	help	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	xcomp	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | a small thing |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **help** | to-infinitive | a small thing *not said here* | you |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent you=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 3 | **remember** | infinitive | you *not said here* | a person and place or time |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent person=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A gift given so the person will remember the giver.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keepsake:m2:1
# text = A gift given so the person will remember the giver.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	gift	gift	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	remember	remember	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	giver	giver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | participle |  | a gift *not said here* |  |  |  | so the person | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **remember** | future | a gift | the giver |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2-1-1 «NP V NP S\_ING»: agent=Agent giver=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Gran gave me her old brooch as a keepsake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keepsake:x1:1
# text = Gran gave me her old brooch as a keepsake.
1	Gran	Gran	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	brooch	brooch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	as	as	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	keepsake	keepsake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Gran | Gran's old brooch | me |  |  | as a keepsake | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient brooch=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I keep the shell as a keepsake of our beach holiday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keepsake:x2:1
# text = I keep the shell as a keepsake of our beach holiday.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	keep	keep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	shell	shell	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	keepsake	keepsake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	beach	beach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	holiday	holiday	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | present | I | the shell |  |  |  | as a keepsake of our beach holiday | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent shell=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ticket is a keepsake from my first concert.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keepsake:x3:1
# text = The ticket is a keepsake from my first concert.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ticket	ticket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	keepsake	keepsake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
8	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	9	amod	_	_
9	concert	concert	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the ticket | a keepsake |  | my first concert |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She kept his letters as keepsakes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keepsake:x4:1
# text = She kept his letters as keepsakes.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	letters	letter	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	keepsakes	keepsake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | She | his letters |  |  |  | as keepsakes | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme |
| 2 | **letter** |  | his *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom letter «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our class made keepsake boxes for our memories.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keepsake:x5:1
# text = Our class made keepsake boxes for our memories.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	keepsake	keepsake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	boxes	box	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	memories	memory	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Our class | keepsake boxes |  |  |  | for our memories | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent box=Material for memory=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After Grandpa passed away, each grandchild chose a keepsake.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keepsake:x6:1
# text = After Grandpa passed away, each grandchild chose a keepsake.
1	After	after	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
2	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	passed	pass	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	det	_	_
7	grandchild	grandchild	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	chose	choose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	keepsake	keepsake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pass away** | past | Grandpa |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn die-42.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **choose** | past | each grandchild | a keepsake |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent keepsake=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But at parting the little girl took an elder-blossom from her breast and gave it to him as a keepsake.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keepsake:x7:1
# text = But at parting the little girl took an elder-blossom from her breast and gave it to him as a keepsake.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
2	at	at	SCONJ	IN	_	3	mark	_	_
3	parting	part	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	advcl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	girl	girl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	elder	elder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	blossom	blossom	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
12	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	breast	breast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obl	_	_
20	as	as	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	keepsake	keepsake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **part** | gerund |  | the little girl |  |  |  |  | vn separate-23.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent girl=Patient |
| 2 | **take** | past |  | a elder blossom |  | girl's breast |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.initial\_location»: agent=Agent blossom=Theme from breast=Initial\_Location |
| 3 | **give** | past |  | blossom | him *= he* |  |  | as a keepsake | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to he=Recipient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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