---
title: keratin — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «keratin» in the school dictionary: Keratin is a tough protein that makes up hair, nails, claws, horns, hooves, feathers and the outer layer of skin. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# keratin

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Keratin, tough protein, Feathers, Cutting, hair, shampoos · **What happens:** be, make up, make, contain, cut, not hurt · **To what, where:** tough protein, hair, fingernails, horn, keratin, dead keratin · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«keratin» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [keratin in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/keratin.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Keratin is a tough protein that makes up hair, nails, claws, horns, hooves, feathers and the outer layer of skin.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keratin:m1:1
# text = Keratin is a tough protein that makes up hair, nails, claws, horns, hooves, feathers and the outer layer of skin.
1	Keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	tough	tough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	protein	protein	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj	_	_
7	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	up	up	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	nails	nail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	claws	claw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
15	horns	horn	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	hooves	hoove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
19	feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	conj	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	outer	outer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
24	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
25	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Keratin | a tough protein and claws and horns and hooves and feathers and the outer layer of skin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make up** | present | a tough protein and claws and horns and hooves and feathers and the outer layer of skin | hair and nails |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hair=Pivot |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Your fingernails are made of keratin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keratin:x1:1
# text = Your fingernails are made of keratin.
1	Your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	fingernails	fingernail	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | Your fingernails |  |  |  | of keratin | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A rhino's horn is made of keratin, just like hair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keratin:x2:1
# text = A rhino's horn is made of keratin, just like hair.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rhino	rhino	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	horn	horn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	just	just	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
11	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive |  | a rhino's horn |  |  |  | of keratin | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Feathers, claws and hooves all contain keratin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keratin:x3:1
# text = Feathers, claws and hooves all contain keratin.
1	Feathers	feather	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
3	claws	claw	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	hooves	hoove	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
6	all	all	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **contain** | present | Feathers and claws and hooves | keratin |  |  |  | all *property* | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot keratin=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cutting your hair doesn't hurt because it is dead keratin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keratin:x4:1
# text = Cutting your hair doesn't hurt because it is dead keratin.
1	Cutting	cut	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	csubj	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
6	hurt	hurt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	11	mark	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
10	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | gerund |  | your hair |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset hair=Product |
| 2 | **not** **hurt** | present · do-support | Cutting |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **is a** | present | hair | dead keratin |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Some shampoos say they contain keratin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keratin:x5:1
# text = Some shampoos say they contain keratin.
1	Some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	2	det	_	_
2	shampoos	shampoo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	say	say	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	contain	contain	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
6	keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | some shampoos |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **contain** | present | shampoos *= shampoo* | keratin |  |  |  |  | vn comprise-107.2-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot keratin=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The outer layer of our skin is tough because of keratin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:keratin:x6:1
# text = The outer layer of our skin is tough because of keratin.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	outer	outer	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	layer	layer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
8	tough	tough	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
9	because	because	ADP	IN	ExtPos=ADP	11	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	fixed	_	_
11	keratin	keratin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the outer layer of our skin |  |  |  |  | because keratin; tough *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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