---
title: kerchief — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «kerchief» in the school dictionary: A kerchief is a square of cloth worn on the head or neck, or used to wipe the face or to wave. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# kerchief

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**Who acts:** kerchief, He, She, embroidered kerchief · **What happens:** be, wear, use, wipe, wave, tie · **To what, where:** square, head, face, kerchief, tower, red kerchief

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«kerchief» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [kerchief in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/kerchief.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kerchief is a square of cloth worn on the head or neck, or used to wipe the face or to wave.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kerchief:m1:1
# text = A kerchief is a square of cloth worn on the head or neck, or used to wipe the face or to wave.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kerchief	kerchief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	cloth	cloth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	worn	wear	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	parataxis	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	wipe	wipe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	xcomp	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
22	to	to	PART	TO	_	23	mark	_	_
23	wave	wave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a kerchief | a square |  |  |  | of cloth | tree rules |
| 2 | **wear** | participle |  | a square *not said here* |  | the head or neck |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V PP-Conative»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 4 | **wipe** | to-infinitive |  | the face |  |  |  |  | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent face=Source |
| 5 | **wave** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He waved his kerchief from the tower.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kerchief:x1:1
# text = He waved his kerchief from the tower.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	waved	wave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	kerchief	kerchief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wave** | past | He | his kerchief |  | the tower |  |  | vn wink-40.3.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kerchief=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She tied a red kerchief around her hair.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kerchief:x2:1
# text = She tied a red kerchief around her hair.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	tied	tie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	kerchief	kerchief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	around	around	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tie** | past | She | a red kerchief |  | her hair |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kerchief=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The embroidered kerchief lay on the ground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kerchief:x3:1
# text = The embroidered kerchief lay on the ground.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	embroidered	embroider	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	kerchief	kerchief	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **embroider** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **lay** | present | the embroidered kerchief |  |  | the ground |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on ground=Destination |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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