---
title: kilo — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «kilo» in the school dictionary: A kilo is short for a kilogram, a unit of mass equal to a thousand grams. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# kilo

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** kilo, prefix kilo, Mum, Apples, baby, I · **What happens:** be, mean, buy, cost, weigh, run · **To what, where:** thousand, kilo, two pounds, thousand grams, four kilos, five kilos

<!-- .vabout -->
«kilo» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [kilo in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/kilo.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kilo is short for a kilogram, a unit of mass equal to a thousand grams.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kilo:m1:1
# text = A kilo is short for a kilogram, a unit of mass equal to a thousand grams.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kilo	kilo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	kilogram	kilogram	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	unit	unit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	appos	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	mass	mass	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	nmod	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	17	nummod	_	_
17	grams	gram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a kilo |  |  |  |  | for a kilogram; short *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The prefix kilo- means a thousand, as in kilometre and kilowatt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kilo:m2:1
# text = The prefix kilo- means a thousand, as in kilometre and kilowatt.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	prefix	prefix	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	kilo	kilo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	3	punct	_	_
5	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	kilometre	kilometre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	parataxis	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	kilowatt	kilowatt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | the prefix kilo | a thousand |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thousand=Topic |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: informal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sometimes short for kilometre.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kilo:m3:1
# text = Sometimes short for kilometre.
1	Sometimes	sometimes	ADV	RB	PronType=Ind	2	advmod	_	_
2	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	kilometre	kilometre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum bought a kilo of potatoes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kilo:x1:1
# text = Mum bought a kilo of potatoes.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	bought	buy	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	kilo	kilo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past | Mum | a kilo of potatoes |  |  |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilo=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Apples cost two pounds a kilo.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kilo:x2:1
# text = Apples cost two pounds a kilo.
1	Apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	cost	cost	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	kilo	kilo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | Apples | two pounds |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP NP»: agent=Theme pound=Beneficiary kilo=Value |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kilo is a thousand grams.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kilo:x3:1
# text = A kilo is a thousand grams.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kilo	kilo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	thousand	thousand	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	grams	gram	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a kilo | thousand grams |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The baby weighs four kilos.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kilo:x4:1
# text = The baby weighs four kilos.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	weighs	weigh	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	kilos	kilo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **weigh** | present | the baby | four kilos |  |  |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme kilo=Value |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I ran five kilos — I mean kilometres!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kilo:x5:1
# text = I ran five kilos — I mean kilometres!
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	five	five	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	kilos	kilo	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	kilometres	kilometre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | I | five kilos |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme kilo=Trajectory |
| 2 | **mean** | present | I | kilometres |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent kilometre=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bananas are sold by the kilo.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kilo:x6:1
# text = Bananas are sold by the kilo.
1	Bananas	banana	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	sold	sell	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	kilo	kilo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sell** | present · passive | the kilo | Bananas |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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