---
title: kindly — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «kindly» in the school dictionary: Kindly means in a kind, gentle and caring way: «She smiled kindly». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# kindly

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** She, me, nurse, you, He, old lady · **What happens:** mean, smile, be, say, close, not take to · **To what, where:** kind, formal way, door, something, me, bags · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«kindly» in the school dictionary: its 4 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [kindly in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/kindly.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kindly means in a kind, gentle and caring way: «She smiled kindly».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:m1:1
# text = Kindly means in a kind, gentle and caring way: «She smiled kindly».
1	Kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	kind	kind	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
7	gentle	gentle	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	caring	caring	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
10	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	smiled	smile	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
15	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  | a kind  gentle way |  | kindly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **smile** *in a quote* | past | She |  |  |  |  | kindly *property* | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Kindly» is a formal way to say «please»: «Kindly close the door».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:m2:1
# text = «Kindly» is a formal way to say «please»: «Kindly close the door».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	formal	formal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
16	close	close	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a formal way |  |  |  | kindly *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent please=Topic |
| 3 | **close** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | the door |  |  |  | kindly *property* | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
As an adjective, kindly means kind and friendly: «a kindly old man».

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:m3:1
# text = As an adjective, kindly means kind and friendly: «a kindly old man».
1	As	as	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	adjective	adjective	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	friendly	friendly	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
14	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  | as a adjective; kind, kindly *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent as adjective=Attribute |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Not take kindly to» means not like something.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:m4:1
# text = «Not take kindly to» means not like something.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	nsubj	_	_
4	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	TO	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
7	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **take to** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | kindly *property* | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **not** **mean** | present |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She kindly helped me carry my bags.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:x1:1
# text = She kindly helped me carry my bags.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	bags	bag	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | She | me |  |  |  | kindly *property* | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent i=Beneficiary clause=Theme |
| 2 | **carry** | infinitive | me *not said here* | my bags |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bag=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The nurse spoke kindly to the frightened boy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:x2:1
# text = The nurse spoke kindly to the frightened boy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	nurse	nurse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	frightened	frightened	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the nurse |  |  |  |  | to the frightened boy; kindly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent to boy=Co-Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kindly wait here.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:x3:1
# text = Kindly wait here.
1	Kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	wait	wait	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
3	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  | here |  | kindly *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Treat animals kindly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:x4:1
# text = Treat animals kindly.
1	Treat	treat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	animals	animal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
3	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **treat** | imperative | you *not said here* |  | animals |  |  | kindly *property* | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent animal=Recipient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He kindly lent me his pencil.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:x5:1
# text = He kindly lent me his pencil.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	lent	lend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	obj	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	pencil	pencil	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lend** | past | He | his pencil | me |  |  | kindly *property* | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent i=Recipient pencil=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kindly old lady gave us apples.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:x6:1
# text = The kindly old lady gave us apples.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
3	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	lady	lady	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	iobj	_	_
7	apples	apple	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | the old lady | apples | us |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent we=Recipient apple=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cat did not take kindly to the new puppy.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:x7:1
# text = The cat did not take kindly to the new puppy.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	puppy	puppy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **take** | past · do-support | the cat |  |  |  |  | to the new puppy *result*; kindly *property* | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Patient to puppy=Result |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Thank you kindly for the present.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:x8:1
# text = Thank you kindly for the present.
1	Thank	thank	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	present	present	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **thank** *speech: thank* | present |  |  | you |  |  | for the present; kindly *property* | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Agent you=Theme for present=Attribute |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Approach, my son," he said kindly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kindly:x9:1
# text = "Approach, my son," he said kindly.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Approach	approach	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	son	son	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
8	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  | kindly *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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