---
title: kiwi — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «kiwi» in the school dictionary: A kiwi is a small brown bird from New Zealand that cannot fly; it has a long beak with nostrils at the tip and hunts at night. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# kiwi

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** kiwi, small brown bird, bird, Kiwis, I, you · **What happens:** be, not fly, have, hunt, come out, look · **To what, where:** small brown bird, New Zealand, long beak, tip, oval fruit, person

<!-- .vabout -->
«kiwi» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [kiwi in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/kiwi.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kiwi is a small brown bird from New Zealand that cannot fly; it has a long beak with nostrils at the tip and hunts at night.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:m1:1
# text = A kiwi is a small brown bird from New Zealand that cannot fly; it has a long beak with nostrils at the tip and hunts at night.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kiwi	kiwi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	from	from	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	10	flat	_	_
10	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	14	advmod	_	_
14	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj	_	_
17	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	parataxis	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	beak	beak	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	nostrils	nostril	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	tip	tip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	_
26	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	27	cc	_	_
27	hunts	hunt	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
28	at	at	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
29	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a kiwi | a small brown bird |  | New Zealand |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **fly** | can | a small brown bird |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **have** | present | kiwi | a long beak |  | the tip |  | with nostrils | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beak=Patient |
| 4 | **hunt** | present | kiwi *not said here* |  |  |  | night |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A kiwi, or kiwi fruit, is an oval fruit with brown hairy skin and bright green flesh with tiny black seeds.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:m2:1
# text = A kiwi, or kiwi fruit, is an oval fruit with brown hairy skin and bright green flesh with tiny black seeds.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kiwi	kiwi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
5	kiwi	kiwi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	cop	_	_
9	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	oval	oval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
13	brown	brown	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	hairy	hairy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nmod	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
17	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
18	green	green	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	flesh	flesh	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
22	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	seeds	seed	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a kiwi or kiwi fruit | a oval fruit |  |  |  | with brown hairy skin and bright green flesh with tiny black seeds | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A Kiwi (with a capital K, informal) is a person from New Zealand.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:m3:1
# text = A Kiwi (with a capital K, informal) is a person from New Zealand.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Kiwi	Kiwi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	K	K	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	7	punct	_	_
11	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	from	from	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	flat	_	_
16	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a Kiwi | a person |  | New Zealand |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kiwi is a bird that cannot fly.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:x1:1
# text = The kiwi is a bird that cannot fly.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kiwi	kiwi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the kiwi | a bird |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **not** **fly** | can | a bird |  |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kiwis come out at night to look for worms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:x2:1
# text = Kiwis come out at night to look for worms.
1	Kiwis	kiwi	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	out	out	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	at	at	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	look	look	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come out** | present | Kiwis |  |  |  | night | out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **look** | to-infinitive | Kiwis *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for worms | vn rummage-35.5 «NP V PP.location PP.theme»: agent=Agent for worm=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I had a kiwi fruit in my lunchbox.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:x3:1
# text = I had a kiwi fruit in my lunchbox.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	kiwi	kiwi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	fruit	fruit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	lunchbox	lunchbox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | I | a kiwi fruit |  | my lunchbox |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fruit=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Cut the kiwi in half and scoop it out with a spoon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:x4:1
# text = Cut the kiwi in half and scoop it out with a spoon.
1	Cut	cut	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	kiwi	kiwi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	half	half	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing|NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac	1	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	scoop	scoop	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	1	conj	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	spoon	spoon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cut** | imperative | you *not said here* | the kiwi |  | half |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset kiwi=Product |
| 2 | **scoop out** | infinitive | you *not said here* | kiwi |  |  |  | with a spoon | vn funnel-9.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My cousin is a Kiwi; she lives in Auckland.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:x5:1
# text = My cousin is a Kiwi; she lives in Auckland.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	cousin	cousin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	Kiwi	Kiwi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lives	live	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	Auckland	Auckland	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My cousin | a Kiwi |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | present | she | a Kiwi *not said here* |  | Auckland |  |  | vn lodge-46 «NP V ADV»: agent=Theme kiwi=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The kiwi is the national bird of New Zealand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:x6:1
# text = The kiwi is the national bird of New Zealand.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	kiwi	kiwi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	national	national	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	New	New	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	flat	_	_
9	Zealand	Zealand	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the kiwi | the national bird |  |  |  | of New Zealand | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Kiwi birds lay huge eggs for their size.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:x7:1
# text = Kiwi birds lay huge eggs for their size.
1	Kiwi	Kiwi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	size	size	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | Kiwi birds | huge eggs |  |  |  | for birds's size | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent egg=Result for size=Beneficiary |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dogs and stoats are dangerous for kiwis.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:kiwi:x8:1
# text = Dogs and stoats are dangerous for kiwis.
1	Dogs	dog	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	stoats	stoat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
5	dangerous	dangerous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	kiwis	kiwi	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | Dogs and stoats |  |  |  |  | for kiwis; dangerous *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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