---
title: laborer — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «laborer» in the school dictionary: A person who does hard physical work for pay, often on a farm or building site. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# laborer

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, farm laborer, priest, lord · **What happens:** do, empty, send out, call, cut · **To what, where:** hard physical work, farm site, bucket, laborer, laborers, wood · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«laborer» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [laborer in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/laborer.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who does hard physical work for pay, often on a farm or building site.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laborer:m1:1
# text = A person who does hard physical work for pay, often on a farm or building site.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	does	do	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	physical	physical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	pay	pay	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
11	often	often	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
12	on	on	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
14	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	building	building	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	site	site	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | present | a person | hard physical work |  | a farm site |  | for pay | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent work=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The farm laborer emptied the bucket.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laborer:x1:1
# text = The farm laborer emptied the bucket.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	farm	farm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	laborer	laborer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	emptied	empty	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bucket	bucket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **empty** | past | the farm laborer | the bucket |  |  |  |  | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent bucket=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The priest sent out his laborer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laborer:x2:1
# text = The priest sent out his laborer.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	priest	priest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sent	send	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	laborer	laborer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **send out** | participle | the priest | priest's laborer |  |  |  |  | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent laborer=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lord called his laborers to cut the wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laborer:x3:1
# text = The lord called his laborers to cut the wood.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lord	lord	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	laborers	laborer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	cut	cut	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	advcl	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | participle | the lord | lord's laborers |  |  |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent laborer=Recipient |
| 2 | **cut** | to-infinitive | the lord *not said here* | the wood |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset wood=Product |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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