---
title: lactic — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lactic» in the school dictionary: Lactic means to do with milk. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lactic/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [L](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/) / lactic

# lactic

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lactic, Lactic acid, milk, yogurt, Bacteria, coach · **What happens:** mean, do, be, make, go, taste · **To what, where:** substance, muscles, yogurt, legs, lactic acid, milk · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«lactic» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lactic in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lactic.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lactic means to do with milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lactic:m1:1
# text = Lactic means to do with milk.
1	Lactic	lactic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	ccomp	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Lactic |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **do** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | with milk | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lactic acid is a substance made when milk goes sour and also made in your muscles during hard exercise.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lactic:m2:1
# text = Lactic acid is a substance made when milk goes sour and also made in your muscles during hard exercise.
1	Lactic	lactic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	acid	acid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	substance	substance	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
8	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	goes	go	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
10	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	also	also	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	obl	_	_
17	during	during	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	19	amod	_	_
19	exercise	exercise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Lactic acid | a substance |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | a substance *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **go** | present | milk |  |  |  |  | sour *property* | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **make** | participle | milk *not said here* |  |  | your muscles during hard exercise |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lactic acid makes yogurt taste sour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lactic:x1:1
# text = Lactic acid makes yogurt taste sour.
1	Lactic	lactic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	acid	acid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	yogurt	yogurt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	taste	taste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Lactic acid | yogurt |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **taste** | infinitive | yogurt *not said here* |  |  |  |  | sour *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My legs burned from lactic acid after the race.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lactic:x2:1
# text = My legs burned from lactic acid after the race.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	legs	leg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	burned	burn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	lactic	lactic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	acid	acid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	after	after	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	race	race	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burn** | participle · passive |  | My legs |  | lactic acid | after the race |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Bacteria make lactic acid in milk.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lactic:x3:1
# text = Bacteria make lactic acid in milk.
1	Bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	make	make	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	lactic	lactic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	acid	acid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | Bacteria | lactic acid |  | milk |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset acid=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The coach said a cool-down helps your muscles recover.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lactic:x4:1
# text = The coach said a cool-down helps your muscles recover.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	coach	coach	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	cool	cool	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	down	down	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	helps	help	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
9	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	muscles	muscle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	nsubj	_	_
11	recover	recover	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | the coach |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **help** | present | a cool down |  |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **recover** | present | your muscles |  |  |  |  |  | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lactic means «from milk».

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lactic:x5:1
# text = Lactic means «from milk».
1	Lactic	lactic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	milk	milk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Lactic | milk |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent milk=Topic |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Sauerkraut is made sour by lactic bacteria.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lactic:x6:1
# text = Sauerkraut is made sour by lactic bacteria.
1	Sauerkraut	sauerkraut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	sour	sour	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	lactic	lactic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bacteria	bacterium	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present · passive | lactic bacteria | Sauerkraut |  |  |  | sour *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset subject=Product |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [lactase](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lactase/)
- next →: [lactose](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lactose/)
- ↑ back to [L in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/)