---
title: ladybird — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «ladybird» in the school dictionary: A ladybird is a small round beetle, usually red or orange with black spots, that eats tiny insects like greenfly. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/ladybird/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [L](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/) / ladybird

# ladybird

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** ladybird, that, Ladybirds, Ladybird larvae, red colour, We · **What happens:** be, eat, land, have, look, call · **To what, where:** small round beetle, tiny insects, ladybird, hand, greenfly, seven black spots · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«ladybird» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [ladybird in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/ladybird.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ladybird is a small round beetle, usually red or orange with black spots, that eats tiny insects like greenfly.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ladybird:m1:1
# text = A ladybird is a small round beetle, usually red or orange with black spots, that eats tiny insects like greenfly.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	beetle	beetle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	usually	usually	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
10	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	conj	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	orange	orange	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	conj	_	_
13	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	eats	eat	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
19	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	insects	insect	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obj	_	_
21	like	like	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	greenfly	greenfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a ladybird | a small round beetle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | a ladybird *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with black spots; usually *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **eat** | present | that | tiny insects |  |  |  | like greenfly | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent insect=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A ladybird landed on my hand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ladybird:x1:1
# text = A ladybird landed on my hand.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	landed	land	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **land** | participle |  | a ladybird *not said here* |  | my hand |  |  | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme on hand=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ladybirds eat greenfly, so gardeners like them.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ladybird:x2:1
# text = Ladybirds eat greenfly, so gardeners like them.
1	Ladybirds	ladybird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	eat	eat	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	greenfly	greenfly	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
5	so	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
6	gardeners	gardener	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
7	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | present | Ladybirds | greenfly |  |  |  | gardeners like gardeners *obl* | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent greenfly=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This ladybird has seven black spots.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ladybird:x3:1
# text = This ladybird has seven black spots.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	seven	seven	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
5	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	spots	spot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | this ladybird | seven black spots |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent spot=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ladybird larvae look like tiny spiky crocodiles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ladybird:x4:1
# text = Ladybird larvae look like tiny spiky crocodiles.
1	Ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	larvae	larva	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	look	look	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	tiny	tiny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	spiky	spiky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	crocodiles	crocodile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **look** | present | Ladybird larvae |  |  |  |  | like tiny spiky crocodiles | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In the US, a ladybird is called a ladybug.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ladybird:x5:1
# text = In the US, a ladybird is called a ladybug.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	US	US	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj:pass	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	ladybug	ladybug	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | present · passive |  | a ladybird |  |  |  | in the US | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ladybird's red colour warns birds to stay away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ladybird:x6:1
# text = The ladybird's red colour warns birds to stay away.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	warns	warn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	_
8	to	to	PART	TO	_	9	mark	_	_
9	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
10	away	away	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | present | the ladybird's red colour |  | birds |  |  |  | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP how S\_INF»: agent=Agent bird=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stay away** | to-infinitive | the ladybird's red colour *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ladybirds sleep through winter in groups.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ladybird:x7:1
# text = Ladybirds sleep through winter in groups.
1	Ladybirds	ladybird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	sleep	sleep	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	through	through	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	groups	group	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sleep** | present | Ladybirds |  |  | groups | winter |  | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in group=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We watched a ladybird climb up a leaf.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:ladybird:x8:1
# text = We watched a ladybird climb up a leaf.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	watched	watch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	ladybird	ladybird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	climb	climb	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
6	up	up	ADP	RP	_	5	compound:prt	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	leaf	leaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **watch** | past | We | a ladybird |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **climb up** | infinitive | a ladybird *not said here* | a leaf |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Initial\_Location leaf=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [lady](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lady/)
- next →: [ladybug](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/ladybug/)
- ↑ back to [L in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/)