---
title: lantern — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lantern» in the school dictionary: A lantern is a lamp you can carry, with a light inside a glass or paper case. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lantern

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lantern, you, paper lantern, o lantern, They, 5 lanterns · **What happens:** be, carry, cut, make, hang, cost · **To what, where:** lamp, light, glass case, pumpkin, face, lantern

<!-- .vabout -->
«lantern» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lantern in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lantern.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lantern is a lamp you can carry, with a light inside a glass or paper case.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:m1:1
# text = A lantern is a lamp you can carry, with a light inside a glass or paper case.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lantern	lantern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lamp	lamp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
13	inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
15	glass	glass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	_
18	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lantern | a lamp |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | can | you | a light |  | a glass case |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent light=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A paper lantern is a colourful light hung up for parties and festivals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:m2:1
# text = A paper lantern is a colourful light hung up for parties and festivals.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	lantern	lantern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	colourful	colourful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	hung	hang	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	up	up	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	parties	party	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	festivals	festival	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | a paper lantern |  |  |  |  | for parties and festivals; hang *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A jack-o'-lantern is a pumpkin with a face cut in it and a light inside, made at Halloween.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:m3:1
# text = A jack-o'-lantern is a pumpkin with a face cut in it and a light inside, made at Halloween.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	jack	jack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	o	o	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	lantern	lantern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	pumpkin	pumpkin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	_
20	inside	inside	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
23	at	at	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	Halloween	Halloween	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | o lantern | a pumpkin |  |  |  | with a face and a light | tree rules |
| 2 | **cut** | participle |  | a face and a light *not said here* |  | lantern |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  | a pumpkin *not said here* |  | Halloween |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They hang 18 lanterns in the garden.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:x1:1
# text = They hang 18 lanterns in the garden.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	hang	hang	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	18	18	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	lanterns	lantern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | present | They | 18 lanterns |  | the garden |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent lantern=Theme in garden=Destination |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each lantern costs $3.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:x2:1
# text = Each lantern costs $3.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	lantern	lantern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	$	$	SYM	$	_	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | each lantern |  |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme $=Value |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
5 lanterns went out.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:x3:1
# text = 5 lanterns went out.
1	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	lanterns	lantern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go out** | past | 5 lanterns |  |  |  |  |  | vn interact-36.6 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lanterns hang in 3 equal rows.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:x4:1
# text = The lanterns hang in 3 equal rows.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lanterns	lantern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hang	hang	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
6	equal	equal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	rows	row	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hang** | present | the lanterns |  |  | 3 equal rows |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in row=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We took a lantern when we went camping.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:x5:1
# text = We took a lantern when we went camping.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	lantern	lantern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	advcl	_	_
8	camping	camp	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | We | a lantern |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lantern=Theme |
| 2 | **go** | past | we |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **camp** | gerund | we *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At the festival, red paper lanterns glowed in the street.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:x6:1
# text = At the festival, red paper lanterns glowed in the street.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	festival	festival	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	paper	paper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	lanterns	lantern	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
8	glowed	glow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	acl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	street	street	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **glow** | participle |  | red paper lanterns *not said here* |  | the street |  |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in street=Location |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He carved a jack-o'-lantern with a big smile.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:x7:1
# text = He carved a jack-o'-lantern with a big smile.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	carved	carve	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
4	jack	jack	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	o	o	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	lantern	lantern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	smile	smile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carve** | past | He | a o lantern |  |  |  | with a big smile | vn carve-21.2-2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent lantern=Patient with smile=Instrument |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old sailor held up his lantern in the fog.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:x8:1
# text = The old sailor held up his lantern in the fog.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sailor	sailor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	up	up	ADP	RP	_	4	compound:prt	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	lantern	lantern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	fog	fog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold up** | participle | the old sailor *not said here* | his lantern |  | the fog |  |  | vn support-15.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot lantern=Theme |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Where are my lantern and my goat?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lantern:x9:1
# text = Where are my lantern and my goat?
1	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	0	root	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	cop	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	lantern	lantern	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	nsubj	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
6	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	goat	goat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | my lantern and my goat |  |  |  |  | where *property* | tree rules |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
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