---
title: lapel — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lapel» in the school dictionary: A lapel is the part of a coat or jacket folded back at the front, next to the neck. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lapel

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lapel, flap, Dad, children · **What happens:** be, fold back, cover, pin, have, peep · **To what, where:** part, jacket, front, flap, opening, flower

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«lapel» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lapel in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lapel.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lapel is the part of a coat or jacket folded back at the front, next to the neck.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lapel:m1:1
# text = A lapel is the part of a coat or jacket folded back at the front, next to the neck.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lapel	lapel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	part	part	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	_
11	folded	fold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	back	back	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	front	front	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
17	next	next	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
18	to	to	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	neck	neck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lapel | the part and the neck |  |  |  | of a coat or jacket | tree rules |
| 2 | **fold back** | participle |  | jacket *not said here* |  | the front |  |  | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lapel can be a flap that covers the opening of a tent or hut.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lapel:m2:1
# text = A lapel can be a flap that covers the opening of a tent or hut.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lapel	lapel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	flap	flap	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	8	nsubj	_	_
8	covers	cover	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	opening	opening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	tent	tent	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	_
14	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	hut	hut	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | can | a lapel | a flap |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **cover** | present | a flap | the opening of a tent or hut |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme opening=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad pinned a flower to his lapel.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lapel:x1:1
# text = Dad pinned a flower to his lapel.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	pinned	pin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	flower	flower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	lapel	lapel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pin** | past | Dad | a flower |  |  |  | to Dad's lapel | vn tape-22.4 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent flower=Patient to lapel=Co-Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each lapel of the jacket had a button.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lapel:x2:1
# text = Each lapel of the jacket had a button.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	lapel	lapel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	jacket	jacket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
6	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	button	button	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | each lapel of the jacket | a button |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent button=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The children peeped through the small holes in the lapels of the teepee.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lapel:x3:1
# text = The children peeped through the small holes in the lapels of the teepee.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	peeped	peep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	through	through	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	holes	hole	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	lapels	lapel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nmod	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	teepee	teepee	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **peep** | past | the children |  |  |  |  | through the small holes in the lapels of the teepee | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent through hole=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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