---
title: larch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «larch» in the school dictionary: A larch is a tall cone-bearing tree with soft needles that turn yellow and fall off in autumn. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# larch

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** larch, soft needles, We, Larch forests, larch needles · **What happens:** be, turn, fall off, use, drop, build · **To what, where:** tall bearing tree, strong wood, needles, garden shed, small round larch cones, path

<!-- .vabout -->
«larch» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [larch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/larch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A larch is a tall cone-bearing tree with soft needles that turn yellow and fall off in autumn.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:larch:m1:1
# text = A larch is a tall cone-bearing tree with soft needles that turn yellow and fall off in autumn.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	larch	larch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
5	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
6	cone	cone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	bearing	bearing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	needles	needle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nmod	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	turn	turn	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	xcomp	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	15	conj	_	_
18	off	off	ADP	RP	_	17	compound:prt	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a larch | a tall bearing tree |  |  |  | with soft needles | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn** | present | soft needles |  |  |  |  | yellow *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **fall off** | infinitive | soft needles *not said here* |  |  |  | autumn |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Larch is the strong wood of this tree, used for fences, boats and buildings.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:larch:m2:1
# text = Larch is the strong wood of this tree, used for fences, boats and buildings.
1	Larch	larch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
11	for	for	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	fences	fence	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	boats	boat	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	buildings	building	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Larch | the strong wood |  |  |  | of this tree | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | the strong wood *not said here* |  |  |  | for fences and boats and buildings | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The larch turns golden yellow in autumn.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:larch:x1:1
# text = The larch turns golden yellow in autumn.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	larch	larch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	golden	golden	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	yellow	yellow	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	xcomp	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	autumn	autumn	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | the larch |  |  |  | autumn | yellow *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Unlike a pine, a larch drops its needles in winter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:larch:x2:1
# text = Unlike a pine, a larch drops its needles in winter.
1	Unlike	unlike	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	pine	pine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	larch	larch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	drops	drop	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	needles	needle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **drop** | present | a larch | larch's needles |  |  | winter | unlike a pine | vn put\_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent needle=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The garden shed is built of larch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:larch:x3:1
# text = The garden shed is built of larch.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	garden	garden	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	shed	shed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	built	build	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	larch	larch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **build** | present · passive |  | the garden shed |  |  |  | of larch | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We found small round larch cones on the path.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:larch:x4:1
# text = We found small round larch cones on the path.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
4	round	round	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
5	larch	larch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	cones	cone	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | We | small round larch cones |  | the path |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cone=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Larch forests cover huge areas of Siberia.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:larch:x5:1
# text = Larch forests cover huge areas of Siberia.
1	Larch	larch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	forests	forest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	cover	cover	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	huge	huge	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	areas	area	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Siberia	Siberia	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cover** | present | Larch forests | huge areas of Siberia |  |  |  |  | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme area=Destination |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The larch needles grow in little bunches.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:larch:x6:1
# text = The larch needles grow in little bunches.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	larch	larch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	needles	needle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	grow	grow	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	bunches	bunch	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grow** | present | the larch needles |  |  | little bunches |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in bunch=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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