---
title: lard — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lard» in the school dictionary: Lard is the white fat from a pig, used in cooking. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lard

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Lard, Mum, cook, witch · **What happens:** be, use, cook, fill, fry, lard · **To what, where:** white fat, cooking, meat, food, potatoes, roast

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«lard» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lard in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lard.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lard is the white fat from a pig, used in cooking.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lard:m1:1
# text = Lard is the white fat from a pig, used in cooking.
1	Lard	lard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pig	pig	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	cooking	cooking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Lard | the white fat |  |  |  | from a pig | tree rules |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | the white fat *not said here* |  | cooking |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: old use — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lard is to push small strips of fat into meat before cooking it, or to fill food with extra things.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lard:m2:1
# text = To lard is to push small strips of fat into meat before cooking it, or to fill food with extra things.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lard	lard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	push	push	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	strips	strip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	fat	fat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
12	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
13	cooking	cook	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	5	advcl	_	_
14	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	to	to	PART	TO	_	18	mark	_	_
18	fill	fill	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
19	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
20	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	extra	extra	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | meat |  | push *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cook** | gerund |  | meat |  |  |  |  | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent it=Patient |
| 3 | **fill** | to-infinitive |  | food |  |  |  | with extra things | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent food=Patient with thing=Instrument |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum fried the potatoes in lard.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lard:x1:1
# text = Mum fried the potatoes in lard.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	fried	fry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	potatoes	potato	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	lard	lard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fry** | past | Mum | the potatoes |  |  |  | in lard | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent potato=Patient in lard=Instrument |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The cook larded the roast with strips of bacon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lard:x2:1
# text = The cook larded the roast with strips of bacon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	cook	cook	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	larded	lard	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	roast	roast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	strips	strip	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	bacon	bacon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lard** | past | the cook | the roast |  |  |  | with strips of bacon | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent roast=Destination with strip=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The witch larded the pudding with glow-worms.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lard:x3:1
# text = The witch larded the pudding with glow-worms.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	witch	witch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	larded	lard	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	pudding	pudding	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	glow	glow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	7	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	worms	worm	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lard** | past | the witch | the pudding |  |  |  | with glow worms | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent pudding=Destination with worm=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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<!-- pn -->
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