---
title: laughter — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «laughter» in the school dictionary: Laughter is the sound or act of laughing. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# laughter

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Laughter, We, audience, I, everyone, boys · **What happens:** be, laugh, fill, burst, roar, hear · **To what, where:** sound, room, laughter, playground, best medicine · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«laughter» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [laughter in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/laughter.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Laughter is the sound or act of laughing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laughter:m1:1
# text = Laughter is the sound or act of laughing.
1	Laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	conj	_	_
7	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Laughter | the sound or act |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **laugh** | gerund | Laughter *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The room was filled with laughter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laughter:x1:1
# text = The room was filled with laughter.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	filled	fill	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fill** | past · passive |  | the room |  |  |  | with laughter | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with laughter=Instrument |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We burst into laughter at the funny video.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laughter:x2:1
# text = We burst into laughter at the funny video.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	burst	burst	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	funny	funny	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	video	video	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **burst** | past | We |  |  | laughter |  | at the funny video | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at video=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The audience roared with laughter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laughter:x3:1
# text = The audience roared with laughter.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	audience	audience	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	roared	roar	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **roar** | past | the audience |  |  |  |  | with laughter | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with laughter=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I could hear laughter from the playground.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laughter:x4:1
# text = I could hear laughter from the playground.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
4	laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	playground	playground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hear** | could | I | laughter |  | the playground |  |  | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent laughter=Topic from playground=Source |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Laughter is the best medicine, Grandma says.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laughter:x5:1
# text = Laughter is the best medicine, Grandma says.
1	Laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	best	good	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	5	amod	_	_
5	medicine	medicine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
7	Grandma	grandma	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | the best medicine |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | Laughter |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her laughter was so loud that everyone turned around.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laughter:x6:1
# text = Her laughter was so loud that everyone turned around.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	so	so	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
6	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	8	nsubj	_	_
8	turned	turn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
9	around	around	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Her laughter |  |  |  |  | loud *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **turn around** | past | everyone |  |  |  |  | around *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Again the boys shouted with laughter.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:laughter:x7:1
# text = Again the boys shouted with laughter.
1	Again	again	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	shouted	shout	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	laughter	laughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shout** *speech: express* | past | the boys |  |  |  | again | with laughter | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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