---
title: launch — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «launch» in the school dictionary: To launch is to send a rocket, missile or spacecraft up into the air or space. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# launch

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** launch, act, We, company, school, spacecraft · **What happens:** be, launch, make, sit, tap, float · **To what, where:** air, boat, water, something, it, book

<!-- .vabout -->
«launch» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [launch in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/launch.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To launch is to send a rocket, missile or spacecraft up into the air or space.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:m1:1
# text = To launch is to send a rocket, missile or spacecraft up into the air or space.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	launch	launch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	advcl	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	send	send	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rocket	rocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	missile	missile	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
11	spacecraft	spacecraft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
12	up	up	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
13	into	into	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	air	air	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present |  |  |  | the air or space |  | send *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To launch a boat is to put it into the water.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:m2:1
# text = To launch a boat is to put it into the water.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	launch	launch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | to-infinitive |  | a boat |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent boat=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | the water |  | put *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To launch something new is to start it or make it available to the public (launch a book, a product, a website).

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:m3:1
# text = To launch something new is to start it or make it available to the public (launch a book, a product, a website).
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	launch	launch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	start	start	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	obj	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	available	available	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	_
13	to	to	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	public	public	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	launch	launch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	10	parataxis	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	product	product	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
24	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	25	det	_	_
25	website	website	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	17	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | start *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **make** | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  | available *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset it=Product |
| 4 | **launch** | infinitive |  | a book and a website |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A launch is the act of launching.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:m4:1
# text = A launch is the act of launching.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	launch	launch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	act	act	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
7	launching	launch	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a launch | the act |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **launch** | gerund | the act *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A launch is also a large motorboat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:m5:1
# text = A launch is also a large motorboat.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	launch	launch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	also	also	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	motorboat	motorboat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a launch | a large motorboat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rocket was launched into space.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:x1:1
# text = The rocket was launched into space.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	rocket	rocket	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	launched	launch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	space	space	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | past · passive |  | the rocket |  |  |  | into space *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: subject=Theme into space=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We launched our model boat on the pond.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:x2:1
# text = We launched our model boat on the pond.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	launched	launch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
4	model	model	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	boat	boat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	pond	pond	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | past | We | our model boat |  | the pond |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent boat=Theme on pond=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The company will launch a new game soon.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:x3:1
# text = The company will launch a new game soon.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	launch	launch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	soon	soon	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | future | the company | a new game |  |  |  | soon *property* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent game=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Our school is launching a recycling project.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:x4:1
# text = Our school is launching a recycling project.
1	Our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	launching	launch	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	recycling	recycling	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	project	project	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | present · progressive | Our school | a recycling project |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent project=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The spacecraft sits on the launch pad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:x5:1
# text = The spacecraft sits on the launch pad.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	spacecraft	spacecraft	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	launch	launch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	pad	pad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present | the spacecraft |  |  | the launch pad |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on pad=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Tap the icon to launch the app.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:x6:1
# text = Tap the icon to launch the app.
1	Tap	tap	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	icon	icon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	launch	launch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	app	app	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tap** | imperative | you *not said here* | the icon |  |  |  |  | vn investigate-35.4 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent icon=Location |
| 2 | **launch** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the app |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent app=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa launched into a long story about the war.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:x7:1
# text = Grandpa launched into a long story about the war.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	launched	launch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	into	into	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	story	story	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	about	about	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | past | Grandpa |  |  |  |  | into a long story about the war *result* | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.result»: agent=Causer into story=Result |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At a sign from the king it was launched, and floated proudly and safely like a bird on the waves.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:launch:x8:1
# text = At a sign from the king it was launched, and floated proudly and safely like a bird on the waves.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	sign	sign	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	launched	launch	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	floated	float	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
13	proudly	proudly	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	safely	safely	ADV	RB	_	13	conj	_	_
16	like	like	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
19	on	on	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	waves	wave	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **launch** | past · passive |  | sign |  | a sign from the king |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: subject=Theme at sign=Destination |
| 2 | **float** | past |  |  |  | the waves |  | like a bird; proudly *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on wave=Trajectory |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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