---
title: lawfully — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lawfully» in the school dictionary: In a way that is allowed by the law; legally. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lawfully

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** law, rules, police, car, council, You · **What happens:** allow, stop, speed, buy, marry, fish · **To what, where:** that, way, car, land, They, small church · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«lawfully» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lawfully in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lawfully.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a way that is allowed by the law; legally.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:m1:1
# text = In a way that is allowed by the law; legally.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux:pass	_	_
6	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	legally	legally	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | present · passive | the law | that |  | a way |  | legally *property* | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a way that is properly allowed by rules or official authority.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:m2:1
# text = In a way that is properly allowed by rules or official authority.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux:pass	_	_
6	properly	properly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	_
10	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
11	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	authority	authority	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | present · passive | rules or official authority | that |  | a way |  | properly *property* | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Beneficiary |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The police can lawfully stop a car that is speeding.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:x1:1
# text = The police can lawfully stop a car that is speeding.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	police	police	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	lawfully	lawfully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	car	car	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
9	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux	_	_
10	speeding	speed	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	7	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | can | the police | a car |  |  |  | lawfully *property* | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality car=Eventuality |
| 2 | **speed** | present · progressive | a car |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The land was lawfully bought by the council.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:x2:1
# text = The land was lawfully bought by the council.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	lawfully	lawfully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	bought	buy	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | past · passive | the council | the land |  |  |  | lawfully *property* | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
They were lawfully married in a small church.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:x3:1
# text = They were lawfully married in a small church.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	lawfully	lawfully	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	married	marry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	church	church	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **marry** | past · passive |  | They |  | a small church |  | lawfully *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You may lawfully fish here if you have a permit.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:x4:1
# text = You may lawfully fish here if you have a permit.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	lawfully	lawfully	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	fish	fish	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
6	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
7	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	have	have	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	permit	permit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **fish** | may | You |  |  | here |  | lawfully *property* | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **have** *a condition, not said to happen* | present | you | a permit |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent permit=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Citizens can lawfully protest in a peaceful way.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:x5:1
# text = Citizens can lawfully protest in a peaceful way.
1	Citizens	citizen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	lawfully	lawfully	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	protest	protest	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	peaceful	peaceful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **protest** *speech: disagree* | can | Citizens |  |  | a peaceful way |  | lawfully *property* | vn rebel-71.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The money was lawfully earned.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:x6:1
# text = The money was lawfully earned.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	lawfully	lawfully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	earned	earn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **earn** | past · passive |  | the money |  |  |  | lawfully *property* | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shop must lawfully display its prices.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:x7:1
# text = The shop must lawfully display its prices.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	lawfully	lawfully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	display	display	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	prices	price	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **display** | must | the shop | shop's prices |  |  |  | lawfully *property* | vn reflexive\_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent price=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He was lawfully entitled to the reward.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:x8:1
# text = He was lawfully entitled to the reward.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
3	lawfully	lawfully	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	entitled	entitle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	reward	reward	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **entitle** | past · passive |  | He |  |  |  | to the reward; lawfully *property* | tree rules |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You ought to know that I can't marry you at such a time, or, at all events, can't marry you lawfully.

<!-- fold The tree, 23 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lawfully:x9:1
# text = You ought to know that I can't marry you at such a time, or, at all events, can't marry you lawfully.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	ought	ought	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
9	marry	marry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
10	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	such	such	DET	PDT	PronType=Ind	14	det:predet	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
16	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
18	at	at	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	events	event	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
22	ca	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	24	advmod	_	_
24	marry	marry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	conj	_	_
25	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	24	obj	_	_
26	lawfully	lawfully	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **know** | ought | You |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 2 | **not** **marry** | can | I | you |  |  | time |  | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient |
| 3 | **not** **marry** | can | You *not said here* | you |  | all events |  | lawfully *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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