---
title: lay — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lay» in the school dictionary: To lay is to put something down carefully, often flat: «lay the baby in the cot». Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lay

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** hen, egg, Lay, I, 5 hens, He · **What happens:** lay, be, come out, rest, lie, mean · **To what, where:** baby, cot, egg, body, table, bricks · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«lay» in the school dictionary: its 6 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lay in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lay.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lay is to put something down carefully, often flat: «lay the baby in the cot».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:m1:1
# text = To lay is to put something down carefully, often flat: «lay the baby in the cot».
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	put	put	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	5	obj	_	_
7	down	down	ADP	RP	_	6	compound:prt	_	_
8	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	often	often	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	14	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	baby	baby	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
17	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	cot	cot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | carefully, put *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  | often *property* | tree rules |
| 4 | **lay** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | the baby |  | the cot |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent baby=Theme in cot=Destination |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A hen lays an egg when the egg comes out of her body.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:m2:1
# text = A hen lays an egg when the egg comes out of her body.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	hen	hen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lays	lay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | a hen | a egg |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |
| 2 | **come out** | present | the egg | egg's body |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient body=Result |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lay the table is to put out plates, knives and forks for a meal.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:m3:1
# text = To lay the table is to put out plates, knives and forks for a meal.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	out	out	ADP	RP	_	7	compound:prt	_	_
9	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
11	knives	knife	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	forks	fork	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	conj	_	_
14	for	for	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | to-infinitive |  | the table |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent table=Result |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | for a meal; put *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lay bricks or carpet is to put them in place.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:m4:1
# text = To lay bricks or carpet is to put them in place.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lay	lay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
3	bricks	brick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	carpet	carpet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | to-infinitive |  | bricks or carpet |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brick=Result |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  | place |  | put *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Lay» is also the past form of «lie» (to rest flat): «He lay on the grass».

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:m5:1
# text = «Lay» is also the past form of «lie» (to rest flat): «He lay on the grass».
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Lay	Lay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	past	past	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	lie	lie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	11	punct	_	_
13	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	rest	rest	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
16	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	21	punct	_	_
19	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	parataxis	_	_
22	on	on	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Lay | the past form |  |  |  | of lie | tree rules |
| 2 | **rest** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | flat *property* | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **lie** *in a quote* | past | Lay |  |  | the grass |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on grass=Location |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lay can also mean to bet, so "I lay she is loaded" means "I bet she is loaded.".

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:m6:1
# text = Lay can also mean to bet, so "I lay she is loaded" means "I bet she is loaded.".
1	Lay	Lay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	bet	bet	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	11	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	ccomp	_	_
12	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	loaded	load	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	14	punct	_	_
16	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
17	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	bet	bet	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	ccomp	_	_
20	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	aux:pass	_	_
22	loaded	load	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	19	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | can | Lay |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **bet** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Lay *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lay** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **load** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | Lay |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |
| 5 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **bet** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn risk-94 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 7 | **load** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | Lay |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each hen lays 1 egg a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:x1:1
# text = Each hen lays 1 egg a day.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	hen	hen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lays	lay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	1	1	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	egg	egg	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | each hen | 1 egg |  |  | day |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent egg=Result |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
5 hens lay how many eggs in a week?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:x2:1
# text = 5 hens lay how many eggs in a week?
1	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	hens	hen	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	5	advmod	_	_
5	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	week	week	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | 5 hens | many eggs |  |  | week |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location egg=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He lays 40 bricks an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:x3:1
# text = He lays 40 bricks an hour.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lays	lay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	bricks	brick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | He | 40 bricks  a hour |  |  |  |  | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brick=Result |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
She laid 6 plates on the table.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:x4:1
# text = She laid 6 plates on the table.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	laid	lay	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	plates	plate	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | past | She | 6 plates |  | the table |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent plate=Theme on table=Destination |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please lay the table for dinner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:x5:1
# text = Please lay the table for dinner.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	lay	lay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	table	table	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | imperative | you *not said here* | the table |  |  |  | for dinner | vn create-26.4 «NP V NP PP.beneficiary»: agent=Agent table=Result for dinner=Beneficiary |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Turtles lay their eggs in the sand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:x6:1
# text = Turtles lay their eggs in the sand.
1	Turtles	turtle	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	eggs	egg	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | present | Turtles | Turtles's eggs |  | the sand |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent egg=Theme in sand=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He lay on the grass and looked at the clouds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:x7:1
# text = He lay on the grass and looked at the clouds.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	grass	grass	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	clouds	cloud	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lie** | past | He |  |  | the grass |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on grass=Location |
| 2 | **look** | past | He *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the clouds | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent at cloud=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lay your coat on the bed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:x8:1
# text = Lay your coat on the bed.
1	Lay	lay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	coat	coat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	bed	bed	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** | imperative | you *not said here* | your coat |  | the bed |  |  | vn put\_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent coat=Theme on bed=Destination |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Well, I lay she's loaded, boss.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lay:x9:1
# text = "Well, I lay she's loaded, boss.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Well	well	INTJ	UH	_	5	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lay	lay	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux:pass	_	_
8	loaded	load	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	boss	boss	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lay** *in a quote* | present | I |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **load** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | she |  |  |  |  | vn spray-9.7-2 «NP V NP.destination»: subject=Destination |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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