---
title: leal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «leal» in the school dictionary: Leal means loyal and true; faithful to a friend or a promise. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# leal

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**Who acts:** Leal, dog, leal friend, song · **What happens:** mean, be, stay, say · **To what, where:** trouble · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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«leal» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [leal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/leal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leal means loyal and true; faithful to a friend or a promise.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leal:m1:1
# text = Leal means loyal and true; faithful to a friend or a promise.
1	Leal	leal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	loyal	loyal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	xcomp	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	true	true	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	faithful	faithful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	promise	promise	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Leal |  |  |  |  | loyal *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog was leal to his master.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leal:x1:1
# text = The dog was leal to his master.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	leal	leal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the dog |  |  |  |  | to dog's master; leal *property* | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A leal friend stays by you in trouble.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leal:x2:1
# text = A leal friend stays by you in trouble.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	leal	leal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stays	stay	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	by	by	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	4	obl	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	trouble	trouble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | present | a leal friend |  |  | trouble |  | by you | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme by you=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Be faithful and leal, as the song says.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leal:x3:1
# text = Be faithful and leal, as the song says.
1	Be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	cop	_	_
2	faithful	faithful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	csubj	_	_
3	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	leal	leal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	song	song	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | faithful *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the song |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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