---
title: leave — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «leave» in the school dictionary: To leave is to go away from a place: leave the room. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# leave

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** it, others, you, UK, I, heading · **What happens:** leave, be, stay, forget, mean, go · **To what, where:** room, something, it, two cakes, someone, them · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«leave» in the school dictionary: its 10 meanings for a pupil and its 13 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [leave in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/leave.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To leave is to go away from a place: leave the room.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m1:1
# text = To leave is to go away from a place: leave the room.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	parataxis	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | away, go *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **leave** | infinitive |  | the room |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent room=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To leave something is to let it stay where it is, or to forget it.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m2:1
# text = To leave something is to let it stay where it is, or to forget it.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	let	let	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	11	advmod	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	is	be	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	forget	forget	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | let *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **stay** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **be** | present | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **forget** | to-infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I left my bag at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m2e:1
# text = I left my bag at school.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | I | my bag |  | school |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent bag=Theme at school=Location |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Left means still there after others went or were used: two cakes are left.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m3:1
# text = Left means still there after others went or were used: two cakes are left.
1	Left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	still	still	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	2	advmod	_	_
5	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
7	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	ccomp	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	aux:pass	_	_
10	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	13	nummod	_	_
13	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj:pass	_	_
14	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  | there |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **go** | past | others |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **use** | past · passive | others *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V» |
| 5 | **leave** | present · passive |  | two cakes |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To leave alone is to not touch or bother.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m4:1
# text = To leave alone is to not touch or bother.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	advcl	_	_
3	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
6	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	7	advmod	_	_
7	touch	touch	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	bother	bother	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | touch *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **bother** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To leave something to someone is to give it to them, often after you die.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m5:1
# text = To leave something to someone is to give it to them, often after you die.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obl	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	give	give	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	after	after	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
15	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	die	die	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | to-infinitive |  | something | someone |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent something=Theme to someone=Recipient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  | them *= they* |  |  | give *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **die** | present | you |  |  |  |  | often *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

<!-- .note -->
The example in this meaning, parsed on its own:

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa left me his watch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m5e:1
# text = Grandpa left me his watch.
1	Grandpa	grandpa	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	iobj	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	watch	watch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | Grandpa | Grandpa's watch | me |  |  |  | vn sustain-55.6-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Agent i=Theme watch=Attribute |

## Meaning 6 {#m6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leave (a noun) is time off work, or permission: sick leave, leave to speak.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m6:1
# text = Leave (a noun) is time off work, or permission: sick leave, leave to speak.
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	noun	noun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
8	off	off	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
11	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	permission	permission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
14	sick	sick	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	leave	leave	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	parataxis	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	speak	speak	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	17	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | imperative | you *not said here* | sick leave |  | work or permission |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme off work=Initial\_Location |
| 2 | **is a** | present |  | noun time |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **leave** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **speak** *speech: other* | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 7 {#m7}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: casual — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Leave it out!» (UK) means stop it or I don't believe you; «leave it to me» means I'll do it; «I'm off» or «heading off» means I'm leaving.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* «Leave it out!»

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m7:1
# text = «Leave it out!»
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	out	out	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave out** *in a quote* | imperative | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* (UK) means stop it or I don't believe you; «leave it to me» means I'll do it; «I'm off» or «heading off» means I'm leaving.

<!-- fold The tree, 29 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m7:2
# text = (UK) means stop it or I don't believe you; «leave it to me» means I'll do it; «I'm off» or «heading off» means I'm leaving.
1	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	UK	UK	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
9	do	do	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	believe	believe	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
12	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	15	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	csubj	_	_
16	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	_
17	to	to	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
18	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	15	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	15	punct	_	_
20	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
21	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	23	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	'll	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	ccomp	_	_
24	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
26	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	29	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	29	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	29	cop	_	_
29	off	off	ADP	RP	_	33	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	29	punct	_	_
31	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
32	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	33	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	heading	head	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	36	csubj	_	_
34	off	off	ADP	RP	_	33	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	33	punct	_	_
36	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
37	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	39	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	'm	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	39	aux	_	_
39	leaving	leave	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	36	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
40	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | UK |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **stop** | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V NP.eventuality»: agent=Subeventuality it=Eventuality |
| 3 | **not** **believe** | present · do-support | I | you |  |  |  |  | vn admire-31.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer you=Stimulus |
| 4 | **leave** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | it | me |  |  |  | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent it=Theme to i=Recipient |
| 5 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 6 | **do** | future | I | it |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
| 7 | **head off** *in a quote* | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn conduct-111.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 8 | **mean** | present | heading |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 9 | **leave** | present · progressive | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 8 {#m8}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: rough — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Leave me alone!», «leave it!» shouted at someone mean stop bothering me; said to a dog «leave it» means don't touch.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m8:1
# text = «Leave me alone!», «leave it!» shouted at someone mean stop bothering me; said to a dog «leave it» means don't touch.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	29	nsubj	_	_
3	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
13	shouted	shout	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	16	obl	_	_
16	mean	mean	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
17	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	16	ccomp	_	_
18	bothering	bother	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	17	xcomp	_	_
19	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
21	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
22	to	to	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl	_	_
25	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	ccomp	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
29	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
30	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	29	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	32	advmod	_	_
32	touch	touch	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	30	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	29	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | me |  |  |  | alone *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | it |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **shout** *speech: express* | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **mean** | present |  |  |  | someone |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **stop** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Affector clause=Eventuality |
| 6 | **bother** | gerund |  | me |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus i=Experiencer |
| 7 | **say** *speech: assert* | past |  |  | a dog |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to dog=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 8 | **leave** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | dog |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 9 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 10 | **do** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 11 | **not** **touch** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Meaning 9 {#m9}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: euphemism — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Was let go» or «left the company» can hide being sacked; «left us» can mean died.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m9:1
# text = «Was let go» or «left the company» can hide being sacked; «left us» can mean died.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux:pass	_	_
3	let	let	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	go	go	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
7	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	advcl	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	_
12	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	hide	hide	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
14	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	15	aux:pass	_	_
15	sacked	sack	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
19	us	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	_
21	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	_
22	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
23	died	die	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **let** *in a quote* | past · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **go** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** *in a quote* | past |  | the company |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent company=Theme |
| 4 | **hide** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **sack** | gerund · passive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP» |
| 6 | **leave** *in a quote* | past |  | us |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent we=Theme |
| 7 | **mean** | can |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 8 | **die** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Meaning 10 {#m10}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: formal — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The exam voice says «depart», «vacate», «remain», «retain», «residual», «the remainder».

<!-- fold The tree, 11 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:m10:1
# text = The exam voice says «depart», «vacate», «remain», «retain», «residual», «the remainder».
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	exam	exam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	says	say	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	depart	depart	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	10	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	vacate	vacate	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	remain	remain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	retain	retain	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	residual	residual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	22	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
25	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	27	det	_	_
27	remainder	remainder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	27	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | present | the exam voice |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **depart** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **vacate** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **remain** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **retain** *in a quote* | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
There were 10 books. Zoe gave 2 of them away. How many books are left?

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* There were 10 books.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x1:1
# text = There were 10 books.
1	There	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	2	expl	_	_
2	were	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | 10 books |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Zoe gave 2 of them away.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x1:2
# text = Zoe gave 2 of them away.
1	Zoe	Zoe	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nmod	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | Zoe | 2 of books |  |  |  | away *property* | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent 2=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 3:* How many books are left?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x1:3
# text = How many books are left?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · passive |  | many books |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
6 children were in the room and 2 left.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x2:1
# text = 6 children were in the room and 2 left.
1	6	6	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nsubj	_	_
9	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | 6 children |  |  | the room |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave** | past | 2 | the room *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent room=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Ben spent 5 pounds. How much money does he have left?

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* Ben spent 5 pounds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x3:1
# text = Ben spent 5 pounds.
1	Ben	Ben	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	spent	spend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	5	5	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **spend** | past | Ben | 5 pounds |  |  |  |  | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pound=Asset |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* How much money does he have left?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x3:2
# text = How much money does he have left?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	much	much	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	does	do	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
5	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
6	have	have	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	aux	_	_
7	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · perfect · passive · do-support |  | much money |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We leave for school at eight.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x4:1
# text = We leave for school at eight.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	leave	leave	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	eight	eight	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present | We |  |  | eight |  | for school | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent at eight=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I left my lunch at home!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x5:1
# text = I left my lunch at home!
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	left	leave	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
4	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	at	at	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | past | I | my lunch |  | home |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent lunch=Theme at home=Location |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leave the door open, please.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x6:1
# text = Leave the door open, please.
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	door	door	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	open	open	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
6	please	please	INTJ	UH	_	1	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | imperative | you *not said here* | the door |  |  |  | open *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent door=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leave the cat alone; she is sleeping.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x7:1
# text = Leave the cat alone; she is sleeping.
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	cat	cat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	sleeping	sleep	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	1	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | imperative | you *not said here* | the cat |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cat=Theme |
| 2 | **sleep** | present · progressive | cat |  |  |  |  |  | vn snooze-40.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only three biscuits are left in the tin.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x8:1
# text = Only three biscuits are left in the tin.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	biscuits	biscuit	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	tin	tin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | present · passive |  | three biscuits |  | the tin |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme in tin=Location |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
can i pet him?? he's growling → No, leave him and walk away slowly.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x9:1
# text = can i pet him?? he's growling → No, leave him and walk away slowly.
1	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
2	i	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	pet	pet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	??	??	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
6	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	growling	growl	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
9	→	→	ADP	IN	_	12	mark	_	_
10	No	no	INTJ	UH	Polarity=Neg	12	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
12	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	advcl	_	_
13	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	obj	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
15	walk	walk	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	12	conj	_	_
16	away	away	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	_
17	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	15	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **growl** | present · progressive | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **leave** | infinitive | he *not said here* | him *= he* |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 3 | **walk away** | infinitive | he *not said here* |  |  |  |  | away, slowly *property* | vn resign-10.11-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 10 {#x10}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leave it out, you didn't eat 10 pies!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x10:1
# text = Leave it out, you didn't eat 10 pies!
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obj	_	_
3	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
5	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
6	did	do	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	8	advmod	_	_
8	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
9	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	pies	pie	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave out** | imperative | you *not said here* | it |  |  |  |  | vn neglect-75.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **eat** | past · do-support | you | 10 pies |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent pie=Patient |

## Example 11 {#x11}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leave my stuff alone or else.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x11:1
# text = Leave my stuff alone or else.
1	Leave	leave	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	stuff	stuff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	alone	alone	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	else	else	ADV	RB	_	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leave** | imperative | you *not said here* | my stuff |  |  |  | alone *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent stuff=Theme |

## Example 12 {#x12}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Determine the number of volumes remaining, given that 2 of the original 10 were removed.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x12:1
# text = Determine the number of volumes remaining, given that 2 of the original 10 were removed.
1	Determine	determine	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
5	volumes	volume	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
6	remaining	remain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	5	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
8	given	give	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
9	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
10	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	16	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	original	original	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	10	nmod	_	_
15	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	16	aux:pass	_	_
16	removed	remove	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **determine** | imperative | you *not said here* | the number of volumes |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent number=Topic |
| 2 | **remain** | gerund | volumes *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **give** | participle | volumes *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn break\_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **remove** | past · passive |  | 2 of the original 10 |  |  |  |  | vn fire-10.10 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 13 {#x13}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
But we cannot leave you here.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leave:x13:1
# text = But we cannot leave you here.
1	But	but	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
2	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	leave	leave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	5	obj	_	_
7	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	5	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **leave** | can | we | you |  | here |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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