---
title: leavening — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «leavening» in the school dictionary: Leavening is something added to dough or batter, like yeast, baking powder or baking soda, to make it rise and become light. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# leavening

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Leavening, that, Yeast, Baking powder, cake, jokes · **What happens:** be, add, make, rise, become, leaven · **To what, where:** something, Leavening, light, small amount, bread, Matzah bread

<!-- .vabout -->
«leavening» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [leavening in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/leavening.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leavening is something added to dough or batter, like yeast, baking powder or baking soda, to make it rise and become light.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leavening:m1:1
# text = Leavening is something added to dough or batter, like yeast, baking powder or baking soda, to make it rise and become light.
1	Leavening	leavening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
4	added	add	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	batter	batter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	yeast	yeast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	compound	_	_
14	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	appos	_	_
15	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
16	baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	compound	_	_
17	soda	soda	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obj	_	_
22	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	xcomp	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
24	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	conj	_	_
25	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Leavening | something |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **add** *speech: assert* | participle |  |  |  |  |  | to dough or batter; like yeast | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle PP»: agent=Patient to dough=Co-Patient |
| 3 | **make** | to-infinitive |  | Leavening |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **rise** | infinitive | Leavening *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **become** | infinitive | Leavening *not said here* | light |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: literary — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A leavening is a small amount of something, like humour, that makes something heavier or more serious better and lighter.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leavening:m2:1
# text = A leavening is a small amount of something, like humour, that makes something heavier or more serious better and lighter.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	leavening	leavening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	humour	humour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
13	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
15	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	14	obj	_	_
16	heavier	heavy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	xcomp	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	more	more	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	19	advmod	_	_
19	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	conj	_	_
20	better	good	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	19	ccomp	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	lighter	light	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a leavening | a small amount |  |  |  | of something | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | present | that | something |  |  |  | heavy *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Yeast is the leavening in bread.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leavening:x1:1
# text = Yeast is the leavening in bread.
1	Yeast	yeast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	leavening	leavening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Yeast | the leavening |  | bread |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Baking powder is a leavening for cakes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leavening:x2:1
# text = Baking powder is a leavening for cakes.
1	Baking	baking	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	powder	powder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	leavening	leavening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	cakes	cake	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Baking powder | a leavening |  |  |  | for cakes | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Matzah is bread made without leavening.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leavening:x3:1
# text = Matzah is bread made without leavening.
1	Matzah	matzah	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
6	leavening	leaven	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | Matzah bread |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **make** | participle |  | Matzah bread *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 3 | **leaven** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Without leavening, the cake came out flat.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leavening:x4:1
# text = Without leavening, the cake came out flat.
1	Without	without	SCONJ	IN	_	2	mark	_	_
2	leavening	leaven	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cake	cake	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	out	out	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	flat	flat	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **leaven** | gerund | the cake *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **come out** | past | the cake |  |  |  |  | flat, out *property* | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His jokes gave a leavening of fun to the long meeting.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leavening:x5:1
# text = His jokes gave a leavening of fun to the long meeting.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gave	give	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	leavening	leavening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	fun	fun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	_
8	to	to	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	meeting	meeting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | past | His jokes | a leavening of fun | the long meeting |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent leavening=Theme to meeting=Recipient |
| 2 | **joke** |  | His *= he* |  |  |  |  |  | nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The class tested which leavening made the dough rise most.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leavening:x6:1
# text = The class tested which leavening made the dough rise most.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	tested	test	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
5	leavening	leaven	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	nsubj	_	_
6	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	ccomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	dough	dough	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	rise	rise	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	ccomp	_	_
10	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **test** | past | the class |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leaven** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn butter-9.9 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **make** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **rise** | present | the dough |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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