---
title: leaving — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «leaving» in the school dictionary: Leavings are things left over, such as scraps of food left on a plate. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# leaving

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**Who acts:** Leavings, dog, mice, you · **What happens:** be, leave over, leave, eat, find, clear away · **To what, where:** things, food, plate, leavings

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«leaving» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [leaving in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/leaving.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Leavings are things left over, such as scraps of food left on a plate.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leaving:m1:1
# text = Leavings are things left over, such as scraps of food left on a plate.
1	Leavings	leaving	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
2	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	over	over	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	9	case	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	7	fixed	_	_
9	scraps	scrap	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	conj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	_
12	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	11	acl	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	plate	plate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Leavings | things and scraps of food |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave over** | participle |  | things and scraps of food *not said here* |  |  |  | over *property* | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **leave** | participle |  | food *not said here* |  | a plate |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent on plate=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The dog ate the leavings from the plate.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leaving:x1:1
# text = The dog ate the leavings from the plate.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	dog	dog	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	ate	eat	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	leavings	leaving	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	plate	plate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **eat** | past | the dog | the leavings |  | the plate |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaving=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The mice found the leavings of a great feast.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leaving:x2:1
# text = The mice found the leavings of a great feast.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	mice	mouse	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	found	find	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	leavings	leaving	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	feast	feast	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **find** | past | the mice | the leavings of a great feast |  |  |  |  | vn discover-84 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaving=Topic |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Clear away the leavings after lunch.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leaving:x3:1
# text = Clear away the leavings after lunch.
1	Clear	clear	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	away	away	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	leavings	leaving	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	after	after	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **clear away** | imperative | you *not said here* | the leavings |  |  | after lunch | away *property* | vn clear-10.3-1 «NP V NP.source»: agent=Agent leaving=Source |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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