---
title: leftover — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «leftover» in the school dictionary: Food that is not eaten at a meal and is kept for later. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# leftover

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** We, you, Mum, I, my, leftovers · **What happens:** not eat, keep, remain, not use, have, put · **To what, where:** Food, meal, leftovers, Sunday lunch, leftover pizza, fridge

<!-- .vabout -->
«leftover» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [leftover in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/leftover.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: leftovers — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Food that is not eaten at a meal and is kept for later.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:m1:1
# text = Food that is not eaten at a meal and is kept for later.
1	Food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	eaten	eat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	acl:relcl	_	_
6	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	meal	meal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
10	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	kept	keep	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	later	late	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | present · passive |  | Food |  | a meal |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 2 | **keep** | present · passive |  |  |  |  |  | late *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP» |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adjective — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Remaining or not used: «leftover paint», «leftover money».

<!-- fold The tree, 8 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:m2:1
# text = Remaining or not used: «leftover paint», «leftover money».
1	Remaining	remain	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	8	csubj	_	_
2	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	4	advmod	_	_
4	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	8	punct	_	_
6	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	leftover	leftover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	leftover	leftover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	compound	_	_
13	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **not** **use** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Something that remains from an earlier time.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:m3:1
# text = Something that remains from an earlier time.
1	Something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	0	root	_	_
2	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	3	nsubj	_	_
3	remains	remain	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	acl:relcl	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	earlier	early	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	amod	_	_
7	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **remain** | present |  |  |  |  | time |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We had leftovers from Sunday lunch on Monday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:x1:1
# text = We had leftovers from Sunday lunch on Monday.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	leftovers	leftover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	lunch	lunch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	Monday	Monday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | We | leftovers |  | Sunday lunch | monday |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leftover=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put the leftover pizza in the fridge.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:x2:1
# text = Put the leftover pizza in the fridge.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	leftover	leftover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	pizza	pizza	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	fridge	fridge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | the leftover pizza |  | the fridge |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent pizza=Theme in fridge=Destination |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum made soup from the leftover vegetables.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:x3:1
# text = Mum made soup from the leftover vegetables.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	made	make	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	soup	soup	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	leftover	leftover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	vegetables	vegetable	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past | Mum | soup |  | the leftover vegetables |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.product PP.material»: agent=Agent soup=Product from vegetable=Material |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
I used the leftover paint for my model.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:x4:1
# text = I used the leftover paint for my model.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	used	use	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	leftover	leftover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	model	model	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **use** | past | I | the leftover paint |  |  |  | for my model | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent paint=Theme for model=Eventuality |
| 2 | **model** |  | my |  |  |  |  |  | nom model «cognition transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Share 17 cards among 3 friends; how many are left over?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:x5:1
# text = Share 17 cards among 3 friends; how many are left over?
1	Share	share	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	17	17	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	cards	card	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	among	among	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	3	3	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	friends	friend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
8	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	9	advmod	_	_
9	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	nsubj	_	_
10	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	11	aux:pass	_	_
11	left	leave	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	1	advcl	_	_
12	over	over	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **share** | imperative | you *not said here* | 17 cards |  |  |  | among 3 friends | tree rules |
| 2 | **leave over** | present · passive |  | many |  |  |  | over *property* | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Don't eat leftovers that smell bad.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:x6:1
# text = Don't eat leftovers that smell bad.
1	Do	do	AUX	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	n't	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	3	advmod	_	_
3	eat	eat	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	leftovers	leftover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
5	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	6	nsubj	_	_
6	smell	smell	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	acl:relcl	_	_
7	bad	bad	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **eat** | imperative · do-support | you *not said here* | leftovers |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leftover=Patient |
| 2 | **smell** | present | leftovers |  |  |  |  | bad *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The leftover money went into the class fund.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leftover:x7:1
# text = The leftover money went into the class fund.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	leftover	leftover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	class	class	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	fund	fund	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go** | past | the leftover money |  |  | the class fund |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme into fund=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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