---
title: legal — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «legal» in the school dictionary: Allowed by the law of a country or place. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# legal

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** game, It, aunt, move, bishop, You · **What happens:** allow, do, follow, rule, be, cross · **To what, where:** legal advice, rules, road, zebra crossing, drone, park

<!-- .vabout -->
«legal» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [legal in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/legal.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Allowed by the law of a country or place.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:m1:1
# text = Allowed by the law of a country or place.
1	Allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
2	by	by	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	country	country	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **allow** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | by the law of a country or place | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Causer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To do with the law, courts and lawyers: legal advice, a legal case.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:m2:1
# text = To do with the law, courts and lawyers: legal advice, a legal case.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	do	do	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	with	with	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	law	law	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	courts	court	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	lawyers	lawyer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	12	punct	_	_
11	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | legal advice  a legal case |  |  |  | with the law and courts and lawyers | vn act-114-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Following the rules of a game or a sport: a legal move in chess.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:m3:1
# text = Following the rules of a game or a sport: a legal move in chess.
1	Following	follow	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	13	csubj	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	rules	rule	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sport	sport	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	13	punct	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	move	move	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	chess	chess	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **follow** | gerund |  | the rules of a game or a sport |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rule=Theme |
| 2 | **rule** |  | a game or a sport |  |  |  |  |  | nom rule «cognition intransitive»: of=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
It is legal to cross the road at a zebra crossing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:x1:1
# text = It is legal to cross the road at a zebra crossing.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
3	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	cross	cross	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	zebra	zebra	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	crossing	crossing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | It |  |  |  |  | legal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cross** | to-infinitive |  | the road |  | a zebra crossing |  |  | vn crane-40.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent road=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Is it legal to fly a drone in the park?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:x2:1
# text = Is it legal to fly a drone in the park?
1	Is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	cop	_	_
2	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	drone	drone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	park	park	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | it |  |  |  |  | legal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **fly** | to-infinitive |  | a drone |  | the park |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V NP.theme PP»: agent=Agent drone=Theme in park=Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her aunt gives legal advice to families.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:x3:1
# text = Her aunt gives legal advice to families.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	advice	advice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	families	family	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | Her aunt | legal advice | families |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent advice=Theme to family=Recipient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The bishop's move was legal, so the game went on.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:x4:1
# text = The bishop's move was legal, so the game went on.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	bishop	bishop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	's	's	PART	POS	_	2	case	_	_
4	move	move	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
6	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	so	so	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	nsubj	_	_
11	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	conj	_	_
12	on	on	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the bishop's move |  |  |  |  | legal *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **go on** | past | the game |  |  |  |  |  | vn function-105.2.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **move** |  | the bishop |  |  |  |  |  | nom move «act intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You must be of legal age to vote.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:x5:1
# text = You must be of legal age to vote.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	cop	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	age	age	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	vote	vote	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	acl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | must | You |  |  |  | of legal age |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **vote** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn dub-29.3.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
His legal guardian signed the school form.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:x6:1
# text = His legal guardian signed the school form.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	guardian	guardian	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	signed	sign	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sign** | past | His legal guardian | the school form |  |  |  |  | vn image\_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent form=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Coins and notes are legal tender.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:x7:1
# text = Coins and notes are legal tender.
1	Coins	coin	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	notes	note	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tender	tender	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Coins and notes | legal tender |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The company started a legal case against the builder.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:legal:x8:1
# text = The company started a legal case against the builder.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	legal	legal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	case	case	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	against	against	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	builder	builder	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | the company | a legal case |  |  |  | against the builder | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent case=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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