---
title: lengthening — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lengthening» in the school dictionary: Lengthening is making something longer, or becoming longer. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lengthening/)

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# lengthening

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**Who acts:** Lengthening shadows, days, spring, Mum, shadows, sun · **What happens:** lengthen, make, become, get, come, go down · **To what, where:** something, school skirt, cycle path, side, area

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«lengthening» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lengthening in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lengthening.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lengthening is making something longer, or becoming longer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lengthening:m1:1
# text = Lengthening is making something longer, or becoming longer.
1	Lengthening	lengthen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	3	obj	_	_
5	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	becoming	become	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
9	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lengthen** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | present · progressive |  | something |  |  |  | long *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset something=Product |
| 3 | **become** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | long *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lengthening shadows or days are slowly getting longer.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lengthening:m2:1
# text = Lengthening shadows or days are slowly getting longer.
1	Lengthening	lengthen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	amod	_	_
2	shadows	shadow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	nsubj	_	_
3	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	4	cc	_	_
4	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
5	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	aux	_	_
6	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	getting	get	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
8	longer	long	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lengthen** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **get** | present · progressive | Lengthening shadows or days |  |  |  |  | long, slowly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The days are lengthening as spring comes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lengthening:x1:1
# text = The days are lengthening as spring comes.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	days	day	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lengthening	lengthen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	7	mark	_	_
6	spring	spring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
7	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lengthen** | present · progressive | the days |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **come** | present | spring |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mum is lengthening my school skirt.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lengthening:x2:1
# text = Mum is lengthening my school skirt.
1	Mum	mum	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	lengthening	lengthen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	my	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	skirt	skirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lengthen** | present · progressive | Mum | my school skirt |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent skirt=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The shadows were lengthening as the sun went down.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lengthening:x3:1
# text = The shadows were lengthening as the sun went down.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	shadows	shadow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lengthening	lengthen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	advcl	_	_
9	down	down	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lengthen** | past · progressive | the shadows |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **go down** | past | the sun |  |  |  |  | down *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The council is lengthening the cycle path.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lengthening:x4:1
# text = The council is lengthening the cycle path.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	council	council	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lengthening	lengthen	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	cycle	cycle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	path	path	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lengthen** | present · progressive | the council | the cycle path |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent path=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lengthening each side of a square makes its area bigger.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lengthening:x5:1
# text = Lengthening each side of a square makes its area bigger.
1	Lengthening	lengthen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	7	csubj	_	_
2	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	3	det	_	_
3	side	side	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	square	square	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	_
7	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	area	area	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
10	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lengthen** | gerund |  | each side of a square |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent side=Patient |
| 2 | **make** | present | Lengthening | square's area |  |  |  | big *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset area=Product |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The queue kept lengthening.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lengthening:x6:1
# text = The queue kept lengthening.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	queue	queue	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	lengthening	lengthen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	3	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **keep** | past | the queue |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **lengthen** | gerund | the queue *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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