---
title: leper — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «leper» in the school dictionary: A person who has leprosy, an illness of the skin and nerves. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# leper

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** person, lepers, Jesus, others, one leper, he · **What happens:** have, live, call out, touch, heal, avoid · **To what, where:** leprosy, lepers, person, ten lepers, Jesus, leper · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«leper» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [leper in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/leper.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person who has leprosy, an illness of the skin and nerves.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:m1:1
# text = A person who has leprosy, an illness of the skin and nerves.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
3	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	leprosy	leprosy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	illness	illness	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	nerves	nerve	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	11	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | a person | leprosy |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leprosy=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Bible — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Bible times lepers had to live apart and call out «Unclean!»; Jesus touched and healed lepers.

<!-- fold The tree, 17 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:m2:1
# text = In Bible times lepers had to live apart and call out «Unclean!»; Jesus touched and healed lepers.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
4	lepers	leper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	live	live	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	apart	apart	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	call	call	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
11	out	out	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	_
12	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	Unclean	unclean	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
18	touched	touch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	healed	heal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
21	lepers	leper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | lepers |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **live** | to-infinitive | lepers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | apart *property* | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **call out** *speech: assert* | infinitive | lepers *not said here* |  |  |  |  | unclean *property* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **touch** | past | Jesus |  |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **heal** | past | Jesus *not said here* | lepers |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent leper=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: figurative — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A person that others avoid or reject: «He was treated like a leper.».

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:m3:1
# text = A person that others avoid or reject: «He was treated like a leper.».
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	obj	_	_
4	others	other	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	avoid	avoid	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
7	reject	reject	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
9	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj:pass	_	_
11	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	aux:pass	_	_
12	treated	treat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	7	parataxis	_	_
13	like	like	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	leper	leper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **avoid** | present | others | a person |  |  |  |  | vn avoid-52 «NP V NP.location»: agent=Agent that=Location |
| 2 | **reject** | present | a person |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2-1 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 3 | **treat** *in a quote* | past · passive |  | person |  |  |  | like a leper | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jesus healed ten lepers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:x1:1
# text = Jesus healed ten lepers.
1	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	healed	heal	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	ten	ten	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	4	nummod	_	_
4	lepers	leper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **heal** | past | Jesus | ten lepers |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent leper=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only one leper came back to thank Jesus.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:x2:1
# text = Only one leper came back to thank Jesus.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	leper	leper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	back	back	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	thank	thank	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
8	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come back** | past | one leper |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **thank** *speech: thank* | to-infinitive | one leper *not said here* |  | Jesus |  |  |  | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent jesus=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Jesus touched the leper, and he was healed.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:x3:1
# text = Jesus touched the leper, and he was healed.
1	Jesus	Jesus	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	touched	touch	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	leper	leper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
8	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	healed	heal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **touch** | past | Jesus | the leper |  |  |  |  | vn contiguous\_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme leper=Co-Theme |
| 2 | **heal** | past · passive |  | Jesus |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: subject=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In old times lepers lived outside the town.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:x4:1
# text = In old times lepers lived outside the town.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	_
4	lepers	leper	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	outside	outside	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	town	town	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | lepers |  |  | the town | time |  | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme outside town=Location |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
After the argument he felt like a leper at school.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:x5:1
# text = After the argument he felt like a leper at school.
1	After	after	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	argument	argument	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
4	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	like	like	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	leper	leper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	school	school	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **feel** | past | he |  |  | school | after the argument | like a leper | vn conjecture-29.5-2 «NP V S»: agent=Agent like leper=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Father Damien worked in a leper colony.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:x6:1
# text = Father Damien worked in a leper colony.
1	Father	Father	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Damien	Damien	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	worked	work	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	leper	leper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	colony	colony	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **work** | past | Father |  |  |  |  | in a leper colony | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in colony=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This king was a leper, and all his doctors had been unable to cure him, when a very clever physician came to his court.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:leper:x7:1
# text = This king was a leper, and all his doctors had been unable to cure him, when a very clever physician came to his court.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	king	king	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	leper	leper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
8	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	10	det:predet	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	doctors	doctor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nsubj	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	cop	_	_
13	unable	unable	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	cure	cure	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	13	xcomp	_	_
16	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	15	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
18	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	23	advmod	_	_
19	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
20	very	very	ADV	RB	_	21	advmod	_	_
21	clever	clever	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	22	amod	_	_
22	physician	physician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
23	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
24	to	to	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	court	court	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | this king | a leper |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | past · perfect | king's doctors |  |  |  |  | unable *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **cure** | to-infinitive | king's doctors *not said here* | king |  |  |  |  | vn free-10.6.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Causer he=Source |
| 4 | **come** | past | a clever physician |  |  | physician's court |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to court=Initial\_Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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