---
title: lev — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lev» in the school dictionary: The money of Bulgaria; one lev is divided into 100 stotinki. Plural: leva. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lev/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [L](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/) / lev

# lev

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** word, Lev, Hebrew name, ice cream, One lev, we · **What happens:** divide, sound, not be, be, mean, cost · **To what, where:** one lev, 100 stotinki, English word, first name, heart, money

<!-- .vabout -->
«lev» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lev in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lev.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: money — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The money of Bulgaria; one lev is divided into 100 stotinki. Plural: leva.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The money of Bulgaria; one lev is divided into 100 stotinki.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:m1:1
# text = The money of Bulgaria; one lev is divided into 100 stotinki.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	Bulgaria	Bulgaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	9	punct	_	_
6	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	nummod	_	_
7	lev	lev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	divided	divide	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
10	into	into	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
12	stotinki	stotinki	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **divide** | present · passive |  | one lev |  | 100 stotinki |  |  | vn multiply-108-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* Plural: leva.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:m1:2
# text = Plural: leva.
1	Plural	plural	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	3	punct	_	_
3	leva	leva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: Ukrainian, Russian «лев» — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The word for «lion»; it sounds like «lev» to an English ear. It is not an English word.

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 1:* The word for «lion»; it sounds like «lev» to an English ear.

<!-- fold The tree, 12 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:m2:1
# text = The word for «lion»; it sounds like «lev» to an English ear.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
3	for	for	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
8	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	sounds	sound	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	like	like	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	lev	lev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	ear	ear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sound** | present | the word for lion |  |  |  |  | like lev; to a English ear | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ PP.experiencer»: agent=Stimulus to ear=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
*Sentence 2:* It is not an English word.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:m2:2
# text = It is not an English word.
1	It	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
3	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	6	advmod	_	_
4	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | word | a English word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: a name — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lev is a man's first name, as in the Russian writer Lev (Leo) Tolstoy, and a Hebrew name meaning «heart».

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:m3:1
# text = Lev is a man's first name, as in the Russian writer Lev (Leo) Tolstoy, and a Hebrew name meaning «heart».
1	Lev	Lev	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	's	's	PART	POS	_	4	case	_	_
6	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	7	amod	_	_
7	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
9	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	Russian	Russian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	writer	writer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
14	Lev	Lev	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	13	appos	_	_
15	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	Leo	Leo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	16	punct	_	_
18	Tolstoy	Tolstoy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	flat	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	23	cc	_	_
21	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	23	det	_	_
22	Hebrew	hebrew	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	23	amod	_	_
23	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
24	meaning	mean	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	23	acl	_	_
25	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Lev | a man's first name and the Russian writer and a Hebrew name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | gerund | a Hebrew name *not said here* | heart |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent heart=Topic |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lev is the money of Bulgaria.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:x1:1
# text = The lev is the money of Bulgaria.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lev	lev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	Bulgaria	Bulgaria	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | the lev | the money |  |  |  | of Bulgaria | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The ice cream cost three leva.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:x2:1
# text = The ice cream cost three leva.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	cream	cream	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	cost	cost	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	leva	leva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | past | the ice cream | three leva |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme leva=Value |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One lev is 100 stotinki.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:x3:1
# text = One lev is 100 stotinki.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	lev	lev	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	100	100	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	stotinki	stotinki	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | One lev | 100 stotinki |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lev Tolstoy wrote very long novels.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:x4:1
# text = Lev Tolstoy wrote very long novels.
1	Lev	Lev	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Tolstoy	Tolstoy	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	wrote	write	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	very	very	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	novels	novel	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **write** | past | Lev | long novels |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent novel=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«Lev» means «lion» in Ukrainian.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:x5:1
# text = «Lev» means «lion» in Ukrainian.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Lev	Lev	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	lion	lion	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	Ukrainian	Ukrainian	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | Lev | lion |  |  |  | in Ukrainian | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Pivot lion=Theme in ukrainian=Attribute |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In our maths problem, we changed pounds into Bulgarian leva.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lev:x6:1
# text = In our maths problem, we changed pounds into Bulgarian leva.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	4	nmod:poss	_	_
3	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	compound	_	_
4	problem	problem	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	7	nsubj	_	_
7	changed	change	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	pounds	pound	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	_
9	into	into	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	Bulgarian	bulgarian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	leva	leva	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **change** | past | we | pounds |  | our maths problem |  | into Bulgarian leva *result* | vn turn-26.6.1-1 «NP V NP.patient PP.result»: agent=Agent pound=Patient into leva=Result |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [leukaemia](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/leukaemia/)
- next →: [levant](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/levant/)
- ↑ back to [L in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/)