---
title: li — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «li» in the school dictionary: "Li" is not a usual English word; it is most often a piece of a longer word or a short form. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# li

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Li, Mr Li, friend, old map, list item, symbol · **What happens:** not be, be, run, sit, measure, start · **To what, where:** usual English word, piece, old unit, Chinese, common Chinese family name, chemical symbol

<!-- .vabout -->
«li» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [li in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/li.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
"Li" is not a usual English word; it is most often a piece of a longer word or a short form.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:li:m1:1
# text = "Li" is not a usual English word; it is most often a piece of a longer word or a short form.
1	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Li	li	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
5	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	9	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
7	usual	usual	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
8	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
12	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	cop	_	_
13	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	14	advmod	_	_
14	often	often	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	appos	_	_
17	of	of	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	longer	long	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	20	amod	_	_
20	word	word	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nmod	_	_
21	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	24	cc	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	short	short	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	form	form	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **is a** | present | Li | a usual English word |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Li | a piece |  |  |  | of a longer word or a short form; often *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In Chinese, a li is an old unit of length, about half a kilometre.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:li:m2:1
# text = In Chinese, a li is an old unit of length, about half a kilometre.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Chinese	Chinese	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	li	li	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	unit	unit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	about	about	ADV	RB	_	16	advmod	_	_
14	half	half	DET	PDT	NumForm=Word|NumType=Frac|PronType=Ind	16	det:predet	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	kilometre	kilometre	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a li | a old unit and half kilometre |  | Chinese |  | of length | tree rules |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Li is also a common Chinese family name, and "Li" is the chemical symbol for the metal lithium.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:li:m3:1
# text = Li is also a common Chinese family name, and "Li" is the chemical symbol for the metal lithium.
1	Li	li	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
5	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	Chinese	Chinese	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
7	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
11	"	"	PUNCT	``	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	Li	li	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	"	"	PUNCT	''	_	12	punct	_	_
14	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
18	for	for	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
20	metal	metal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	_
21	lithium	lithium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Li | a common Chinese family name |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is a** | present | Li | the chemical symbol |  |  |  | for the metal lithium | tree rules |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Li is the chemical symbol for lithium.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:li:x1:1
# text = Li is the chemical symbol for lithium.
1	Li	li	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	chemical	chemical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	lithium	lithium	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Li | the chemical symbol |  |  |  | for lithium | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Mr Li runs the corner shop.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:li:x2:1
# text = Mr Li runs the corner shop.
1	Mr	Mr	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Li	Li	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	runs	run	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	corner	corner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | present | Mr Li | the corner shop |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme shop=Trajectory |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My friend Li Wei sits next to me in maths.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:li:x3:1
# text = My friend Li Wei sits next to me in maths.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	Li	Li	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	Wei	Wei	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	flat	_	_
5	sits	sit	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	next	next	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	5	obl	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	maths	math	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **sit** | present | My friend |  | me | maths |  | next *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in math=Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The old map measured the road in li, not miles.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:li:x4:1
# text = The old map measured the road in li, not miles.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	map	map	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	measured	measure	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	road	road	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	li	li	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
10	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	11	advmod	_	_
11	miles	mile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **measure** | past | the old map | the road |  | li |  |  | vn register-54.1-2-1 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme road=Value |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
In a web page, each list item starts with li.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:li:x5:1
# text = In a web page, each list item starts with li.
1	In	in	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	web	web	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	page	page	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	8	det	_	_
7	list	list	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	item	item	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	starts	start	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	li	li	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | present | each list item |  |  | a web page |  | with li | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V PP.subeventuality»: agent=Eventuality with li=Subeventuality |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The symbol Li has a capital L and a small i.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:li:x6:1
# text = The symbol Li has a capital L and a small i.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	symbol	symbol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	Li	Li	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	appos	_	_
4	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	capital	capital	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	L	l	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	i.	i.	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the symbol | a capital L and a small i. |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent l=Patient |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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