---
title: licensed — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «licensed» in the school dictionary: Licensed means having official permission to do something, such as a licensed driver, a licensed taxi or a licensed doctor. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# licensed

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** licensed shop, licensed product, owner, big sister, you, adults · **What happens:** license, mean, have, do, allow, sell · **To what, where:** official permission, something, licensed shop, alcohol, famous name, licensed driver

<!-- .vabout -->
«licensed» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [licensed in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/licensed.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Licensed means having official permission to do something, such as a licensed driver, a licensed taxi or a licensed doctor.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:m1:1
# text = Licensed means having official permission to do something, such as a licensed driver, a licensed taxi or a licensed doctor.
1	Licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	nsubj	_	_
2	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	having	have	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	2	xcomp	_	_
4	official	official	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	permission	permission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	do	do	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	acl	_	_
8	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
10	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	14	case	_	_
11	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	fixed	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	driver	driver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
17	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	18	amod	_	_
18	taxi	taxi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	_
19	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
21	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	amod	_	_
22	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **license** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **mean** | present |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **have** *not said to happen* | gerund |  | official permission |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent permission=Patient |
| 4 | **do** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality |
| 5 | **license** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **license** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **license** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A licensed shop, café or restaurant is allowed to sell alcohol.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:m2:1
# text = A licensed shop, café or restaurant is allowed to sell alcohol.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	shop	shop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj:pass	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
5	café	café	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	restaurant	restaurant	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	conj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	aux:pass	_	_
9	allowed	allow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	sell	sell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	9	xcomp	_	_
12	alcohol	alcohol	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	9	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **license** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **allow** | present · passive |  | a licensed shop and café or restaurant |  |  |  |  | vn allow-64.1-1 «NP V NP S»: subject=Beneficiary clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **sell** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | a licensed shop and café or restaurant *not said here* | alcohol |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent alcohol=Theme |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A licensed product, like a toy or T-shirt, uses a famous name or character with the owner's permission.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:m3:1
# text = A licensed product, like a toy or T-shirt, uses a famous name or character with the owner's permission.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	product	product	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	like	like	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	appos	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
9	T	t	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	9	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	3	punct	_	_
13	uses	use	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
14	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	name	name	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
17	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	character	character	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	_
19	with	with	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	owner	owner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	's	's	PART	POS	_	21	case	_	_
23	permission	permission	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **license** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **use** | present | a licensed product | a famous name or character with the owner's permission |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent name=Patient |
| 3 | **permit** |  | the owner |  |  |  |  |  | nom permission «communication transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My big sister is now a licensed driver.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:x1:1
# text = My big sister is now a licensed driver.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
2	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	now	now	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	8	advmod	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	8	amod	_	_
8	driver	driver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **license** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | present | My big sister | a licensed driver |  |  | now |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Only take a licensed taxi.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:x2:1
# text = Only take a licensed taxi.
1	Only	only	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
2	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	amod	_	_
5	taxi	taxi	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | imperative | you *not said here* | a licensed taxi |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent taxi=Theme |
| 2 | **license** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The doctor is licensed to work in hospitals.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:x3:1
# text = The doctor is licensed to work in hospitals.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	doctor	doctor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	work	work	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	hospitals	hospital	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **license** | present · passive |  | the doctor |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **work** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | in hospitals | vn employment-95.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent in hospital=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This café is licensed, so adults can have wine with dinner.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:x4:1
# text = This café is licensed, so adults can have wine with dinner.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	café	café	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	so	so	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
7	adults	adult	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	nsubj	_	_
8	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
9	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	parataxis	_	_
10	wine	wine	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obj	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	dinner	dinner	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **license** | present · passive |  | this café |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **have** | can | adults | wine |  |  |  | with dinner | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wine=Patient |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The toy is officially licensed by the film company.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:x5:1
# text = The toy is officially licensed by the film company.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	toy	toy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
4	officially	officially	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
5	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	film	film	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	company	company	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **license** | present · passive | the film company | the toy |  |  |  | officially *property* | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A licensed electrician fixed our wiring.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:x6:1
# text = A licensed electrician fixed our wiring.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	amod	_	_
3	electrician	electrician	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	fixed	fix	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
5	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	wiring	wiring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **license** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **fix** | participle | a licensed electrician *not said here* | our wiring |  |  |  |  | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent wiring=Patient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Pilots must be licensed to fly planes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:x7:1
# text = Pilots must be licensed to fly planes.
1	Pilots	pilot	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	fly	fly	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	advcl	_	_
7	planes	plane	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **license** | must · passive |  | Pilots |  |  |  |  | vn patent-101 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme |
| 2 | **fly** | to-infinitive |  | planes |  |  |  |  | vn spatial\_configuration-47.6-1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location plane=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
You need to be licensed to sell fireworks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:licensed:x8:1
# text = You need to be licensed to sell fireworks.
1	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	need	need	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
4	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	licensed	license	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	xcomp	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	sell	sell	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
8	fireworks	firework	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present | You |  |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme |
| 2 | **license** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive · passive | You *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **sell** | to-infinitive | You *not said here* | fireworks |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent firework=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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