---
title: lighten — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lighten» in the school dictionary: To lighten something is to make it less heavy: lighten your bag. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lighten/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [L](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/) / lighten

# lighten

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** sky, job, joke, you, informal, jokes · **What happens:** lighten, be, become, lighten up, mean, relax · **To what, where:** something, bag, mood, books, schoolbag, sky · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«lighten» in the school dictionary: its 5 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lighten in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lighten.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lighten something is to make it less heavy: lighten your bag.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:m1:1
# text = To lighten something is to make it less heavy: lighten your bag.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	csubj	_	_
3	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	obj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	less	less	ADV	RBR	Degree=Cmp	9	advmod	_	_
9	heavy	heavy	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
11	lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	conj	_	_
12	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	13	nmod:poss	_	_
13	bag	bag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten** | to-infinitive |  | something |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent something=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | heavy, make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lighten** | infinitive |  | your bag |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent bag=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lighten is to make or become brighter or paler in colour: the sky lightened.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:m2:1
# text = To lighten is to make or become brighter or paler in colour: the sky lightened.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	csubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
6	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	become	become	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	conj	_	_
8	brighter	bright	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	7	xcomp	_	_
9	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	paler	pale	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	8	conj	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
12	colour	colour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	lightened	lighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  |  | make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **become** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  | bright *property* | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **lighten** | participle | the sky |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To lighten a mood or a job is to make it easier or happier: a joke lightened the mood.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:m3:1
# text = To lighten a mood or a job is to make it easier or happier: a joke lightened the mood.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	mood	mood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	job	job	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	easier	easy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	xcomp	_	_
13	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	happier	happy	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	12	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	joke	joke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	parataxis	_	_
18	lightened	lighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	acl	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	mood	mood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten** | to-infinitive |  | a mood |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent mood=Patient |
| 2 | **is** | present | a job |  |  |  |  | easy, make *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **lighten** | participle | a joke *not said here* | the mood |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent mood=Patient |

## Meaning 4 {#m4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lighten up (informal) means relax and stop being so serious.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:m4:1
# text = Lighten up (informal) means relax and stop being so serious.
1	Lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	up	up	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	informal	informal	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	4	punct	_	_
6	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	1	parataxis	_	_
7	relax	relax	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	ccomp	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	stop	stop	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	7	conj	_	_
10	being	be	AUX	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	12	cop	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	serious	serious	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten up** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **mean** | present | informal |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **relax** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 4 | **stop** | infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 5 | **is** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | serious *property* | tree rules |

## Meaning 5 {#m5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Lighten can also mean to flash with lightning, as in a storm.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:m5:1
# text = Lighten can also mean to flash with lightning, as in a storm.
1	Lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	also	also	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	mean	mean	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	ccomp	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	flash	flash	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	lightning	lightning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
10	as	as	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	in	in	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **mean** | can | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **flash** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with lightning | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP.location V PP.theme»: agent=Location with lightning=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Take out some books to lighten your schoolbag.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:x1:1
# text = Take out some books to lighten your schoolbag.
1	Take	take	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
2	out	out	ADP	RP	_	1	compound:prt	_	_
3	some	some	DET	DT	PronType=Ind	4	det	_	_
4	books	book	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	csubj	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	schoolbag	schoolbag	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take out** | imperative | you *not said here* | some books |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent book=Theme |
| 2 | **lighten** | to-infinitive |  | your schoolbag |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent schoolbag=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The sky lightened as the sun came up.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:x2:1
# text = The sky lightened as the sun came up.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	lightened	lighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl	_	_
4	as	as	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	sun	sun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
8	up	up	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten** | participle |  | the sky *not said here* |  |  |  | as the sun | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **come up** | past | the sky |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Add white to lighten the blue paint.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:x3:1
# text = Add white to lighten the blue paint.
1	Add	add	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	white	white	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	1	xcomp	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	blue	blue	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	paint	paint	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **add** *speech: assert* | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | white *property* | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **lighten** | to-infinitive | you *not said here* | the blue paint |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent paint=Patient |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Grandpa's jokes lightened the mood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:x4:1
# text = Grandpa's jokes lightened the mood.
1	Grandpa	Grandpa	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	's	's	PART	POS	_	1	case	_	_
3	jokes	joke	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lightened	lighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	mood	mood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten** | participle | Grandpa's jokes | the mood |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent mood=Patient |
| 2 | **joke** |  | Grandpa |  |  |  |  |  | nom joke «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Helping each other lightens the work.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:x5:1
# text = Helping each other lightens the work.
1	Helping	help	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	4	csubj	_	_
2	each	each	DET	DT	ExtPos=PRON|PronType=Rcp	1	obj	_	_
3	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	fixed	_	_
4	lightens	lighten	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	work	work	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | gerund |  | each |  |  |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent each=Beneficiary |
| 2 | **lighten** | present | Helping | the work |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent work=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Oh, lighten up — it's only a game!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:x6:1
# text = Oh, lighten up — it's only a game!
1	Oh	oh	INTJ	UH	_	3	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	lighten	lighten	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	up	up	ADP	RP	_	3	compound:prt	_	_
5	—	-	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
6	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	's	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
8	only	only	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten up** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | it | a game |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her face lightened when she heard the good news.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:x7:1
# text = Her face lightened when she heard the good news.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	face	face	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lightened	lighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
4	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
6	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	news	news	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lighten** | participle | Her face |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **hear** | past | face | the good news |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer news=Stimulus |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
One night there was a dreadful storm; it thundered and lightened and the rain streamed down in torrents.

<!-- fold The tree, 18 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighten:x8:1
# text = One night there was a dreadful storm; it thundered and lightened and the rain streamed down in torrents.
1	One	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	2	nummod	_	_
2	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	4	expl	_	_
4	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	10	punct	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	thundered	thunder	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	lightened	lighten	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	rain	rain	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	_
16	streamed	stream	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
17	down	down	ADP	RP	_	16	compound:prt	_	_
18	in	in	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
19	torrents	torrent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **be** | past | a dreadful storm |  |  | there | night |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **thunder** | past | storm |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **lighten** | participle | storm *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn remedy-45.7-1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 4 | **stream down** | participle | the rain |  |  | torrents |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in torrent=Location |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [lightbulb](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lightbulb/)
- next →: [lighter](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lighter/)
- ↑ back to [L in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/)