---
title: lighthouse — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lighthouse» in the school dictionary: A lighthouse is a tall tower by the sea with a bright light at the top that flashes to guide ships at night and warn them of rocks. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lighthouse

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lighthouse, top, light, Its, We, lighthouse keeper · **What happens:** be, flash, guide, warn, have, light · **To what, where:** tall tower, ships, 120 steps, top, little house, lighthouse beam sweep

<!-- .vabout -->
«lighthouse» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lighthouse in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lighthouse.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lighthouse is a tall tower by the sea with a bright light at the top that flashes to guide ships at night and warn them of rocks.

<!-- fold The tree, 28 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:m1:1
# text = A lighthouse is a tall tower by the sea with a bright light at the top that flashes to guide ships at night and warn them of rocks.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	tower	tower	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	by	by	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	with	with	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
11	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
12	bright	bright	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	13	amod	_	_
13	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nmod	_	_
17	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	18	nsubj	_	_
18	flashes	flash	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	16	acl:relcl	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	guide	guide	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
22	at	at	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	25	cc	_	_
25	warn	warn	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	conj	_	_
26	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	obj	_	_
27	of	of	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	25	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lighthouse | a tall tower |  |  |  | by the sea; with a bright light at the top | tree rules |
| 2 | **flash** | present | the top |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **guide** | to-infinitive | the top *not said here* | ships |  |  | night |  | vn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Theme |
| 4 | **warn** *speech: warn* | infinitive | the top *not said here* |  | ships *= ship* |  |  | of rocks | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V NP PP.topic»: agent=Agent they=Recipient of rock=Topic |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lighthouse has 120 steps.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:x1:1
# text = The lighthouse has 120 steps.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	120	120	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	steps	step	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | the lighthouse | 120 steps |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent step=Patient |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Its light flashes every 10 seconds.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:x2:1
# text = Its light flashes every 10 seconds.
1	Its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	flashes	flash	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	6	det	_	_
5	10	10	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	seconds	second	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **flash** | present | Its light |  |  |  | second |  | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **light** |  | Its *= it* |  |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: poss=agent |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lighthouse is 30 m tall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:x3:1
# text = The lighthouse is 30 m tall.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	30	30	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	m	m	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the lighthouse |  |  |  |  | 30 m *obl:unmarked*; tall *property* | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many flashes in one minute?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:x4:1
# text = How many flashes in one minute?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	flashes	flash	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	in	in	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	minute	minute	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lighthouse warned the ships away from the rocks.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:x5:1
# text = The lighthouse warned the ships away from the rocks.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	warned	warn	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	ships	ship	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	from	from	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	rocks	rock	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **warn** *speech: warn* | past | the lighthouse |  |  |  |  | away *property* | vn advise-37.9-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We climbed to the top of the lighthouse.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:x6:1
# text = We climbed to the top of the lighthouse.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	climbed	climb	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **climb** | past | We |  |  | the top of the lighthouse |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to top=Destination |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lighthouse keeper lived in a little house nearby.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:x7:1
# text = The lighthouse keeper lived in a little house nearby.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	keeper	keeper	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	lived	live	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
7	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	nearby	nearby	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **live** | past | the lighthouse keeper |  |  | a little house |  | nearby *property* | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in house=Location |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At night we saw the lighthouse beam sweep across the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:x8:1
# text = At night we saw the lighthouse beam sweep across the sea.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
3	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
7	beam	beam	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	sweep	sweep	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
9	across	across	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **see** | past | we | the lighthouse beam sweep |  | the sea | night |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer sweep=Stimulus |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Strong hands grasped the oars, and by and by all were safe in the lighthouse.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lighthouse:x9:1
# text = Strong hands grasped the oars, and by and by all were safe in the lighthouse.
1	Strong	strong	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	hands	hand	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	grasped	grasp	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	oars	oar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
8	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
10	by	by	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	13	nsubj	_	_
12	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	cop	_	_
13	safe	safe	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	conj	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	lighthouse	lighthouse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **grasp** | past | Strong hands | the oars |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer oar=Stimulus |
| 2 | **is** | past | all |  |  | the lighthouse |  | safe *property* | tree rules |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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