---
title: lineage — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lineage» in the school dictionary: A lineage is the line of your ancestors, the family members who came before you, such as parents, grandparents and great-grandparents. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lineage

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lineage, family members, living things, queen, We, Birds · **What happens:** be, come, descend, trace back, draw, show · **To what, where:** line, common ancestor, lineage, family tree, famous lineage, Irish ancestors

<!-- .vabout -->
«lineage» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lineage in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lineage.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lineage is the line of your ancestors, the family members who came before you, such as parents, grandparents and great-grandparents.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lineage:m1:1
# text = A lineage is the line of your ancestors, the family members who came before you, such as parents, grandparents and great-grandparents.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lineage	lineage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	8	nmod:poss	_	_
8	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	compound	_	_
12	members	member	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	appos	_	_
13	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	14	nsubj	_	_
14	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	acl:relcl	_	_
15	before	before	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	such	such	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|ExtPos=ADP	20	case	_	_
19	as	as	ADP	IN	_	18	fixed	_	_
20	parents	parent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
22	grandparents	grandparent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	_
23	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
24	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	24	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	grandparents	grandparent	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lineage | the line and parents and grandparents and great grandparents |  |  |  | of your ancestors | tree rules |
| 2 | **come** | past | the family members |  |  |  | before you |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme before you=Location |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: science — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lineage is a line of living things that descend from a common ancestor.

<!-- fold The tree, 14 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lineage:m2:1
# text = A lineage is a line of living things that descend from a common ancestor.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lineage	lineage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	line	line	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	living	living	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	_
9	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	10	nsubj	_	_
10	descend	descend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	acl:relcl	_	_
11	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
13	common	common	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	ancestor	ancestor	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lineage | a line |  |  |  | of living things | tree rules |
| 2 | **descend** | present | living things |  |  | a common ancestor |  |  | vn meander-47.7-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme from ancestor=Location |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The queen could trace her lineage back hundreds of years.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lineage:x1:1
# text = The queen could trace her lineage back hundreds of years.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	queen	queen	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	could	could	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	trace	trace	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	lineage	lineage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	back	back	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
8	hundreds	hundred	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl:unmarked	_	_
9	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	years	year	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **trace back** | could | the queen | queen's lineage |  |  |  | hundreds of years *obl:unmarked* | vn scribble-25.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lineage=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We drew a family tree to show our lineage.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lineage:x2:1
# text = We drew a family tree to show our lineage.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	family	family	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	tree	tree	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	to	to	PART	TO	_	7	mark	_	_
7	show	show	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
8	our	our	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	9	nmod:poss	_	_
9	lineage	lineage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | We | a family tree |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Theme |
| 2 | **show** | to-infinitive | We *not said here* | our lineage |  |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lineage=Recipient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Birds come from a lineage of dinosaurs.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lineage:x3:1
# text = Birds come from a lineage of dinosaurs.
1	Birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	nsubj	_	_
2	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	from	from	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lineage	lineage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	dinosaurs	dinosaur	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | Birds |  |  | a lineage of dinosaurs |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme from lineage=Initial\_Location |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Bible gives the lineage of King David.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lineage:x4:1
# text = The Bible gives the lineage of King David.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	Bible	Bible	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	gives	give	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	lineage	lineage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	King	King	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nmod:desc	_	_
8	David	David	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **give** | present | the Bible | the lineage of David  King |  |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lineage=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The horse had a famous lineage of champions.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lineage:x5:1
# text = The horse had a famous lineage of champions.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	horse	horse	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	lineage	lineage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	champions	champion	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the horse | a famous lineage of champions |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lineage=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Her lineage includes Irish and Italian ancestors.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lineage:x6:1
# text = Her lineage includes Irish and Italian ancestors.
1	Her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	lineage	lineage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	includes	include	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	Irish	Irish	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	Italian	Italian	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	_
7	ancestors	ancestor	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **include** | present | Her lineage | Irish ancestors |  |  |  |  | vn involve-107.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ancestor=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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