---
title: livelihood — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «livelihood» in the school dictionary: A livelihood is the way a person earns money to pay for food and a home. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# livelihood

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**Who acts:** livelihood, person, fisherman, fiddler, Many farmers · **What happens:** be, earn, pay, lose, depend · **To what, where:** way, money, livelihood, sea, fiddle

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«livelihood» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [livelihood in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/livelihood.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A livelihood is the way a person earns money to pay for food and a home.

<!-- fold The tree, 16 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:livelihood:m1:1
# text = A livelihood is the way a person earns money to pay for food and a home.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	livelihood	livelihood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	earns	earn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
9	money	money	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	to	to	PART	TO	_	11	mark	_	_
11	pay	pay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	xcomp	_	_
12	for	for	ADP	IN	_	13	case	_	_
13	food	food	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a livelihood | the way |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **earn** | present | a person | money |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **pay** | to-infinitive | a person *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for food and a home | vn pay-68-1 «NP V NP PP.theme»: agent=Agent for food=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A fisherman earns his livelihood from the sea.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:livelihood:x1:1
# text = A fisherman earns his livelihood from the sea.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fisherman	fisherman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	earns	earn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	livelihood	livelihood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	from	from	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	sea	sea	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **earn** | present | a fisherman | fisherman's livelihood |  | the sea |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent livelihood=Theme from sea=Source |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fiddler lost his livelihood when he lost his fiddle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:livelihood:x2:1
# text = The fiddler lost his livelihood when he lost his fiddle.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	fiddler	fiddler	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	livelihood	livelihood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	8	mark	_	_
7	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
8	lost	lose	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	advcl	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	fiddle	fiddle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** | past | the fiddler | fiddler's livelihood |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent livelihood=Eventuality |
| 2 | **lose** | past | fiddler | fiddler's fiddle |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent fiddle=Eventuality |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Many farmers depend on the land for a livelihood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:livelihood:x3:1
# text = Many farmers depend on the land for a livelihood.
1	Many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	farmers	farmer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	depend	depend	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	land	land	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	livelihood	livelihood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **depend** | present | Many farmers |  |  |  |  | for a livelihood; on the land | vn rely-70 «NP V PP.theme S\_ING»: agent=Agent on land=Theme |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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