---
title: loaf — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «loaf» in the school dictionary: A loaf is bread baked in one big piece, before it is cut into slices. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# loaf

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** loaf, meat loaf, time, baker, you, Red Hen · **What happens:** be, bake, cut, mince, cook, loaf · **To what, where:** bread, loaf, slices, minced meat, nothing, 40 loaves · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«loaf» in the school dictionary: its 3 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [loaf in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/loaf.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A loaf is bread baked in one big piece, before it is cut into slices.

<!-- fold The tree, 15 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:m1:1
# text = A loaf is bread baked in one big piece, before it is cut into slices.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
5	baked	bake	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	acl	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
8	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
11	before	before	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
12	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj:pass	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux:pass	_	_
14	cut	cut	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	conj	_	_
15	into	into	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
16	slices	slice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a loaf | bread |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **bake** | participle |  | bread *not said here* |  |  |  | in one big piece | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in piece=Instrument |
| 3 | **cut** | present · passive |  | loaf |  | slices |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP.material PP.product»: subject=Material into slice=Product |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A meat loaf is minced meat cooked in a loaf shape.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:m2:1
# text = A meat loaf is minced meat cooked in a loaf shape.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	minced	mince	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	amod	_	_
6	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	cooked	cook	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	shape	shape	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mince** | participle |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn carve-21.2-1 «NP V ADVP-Middle»: agent=Patient |
| 2 | **is a** | present | a meat loaf | minced meat |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **cook** | participle |  | minced meat *not said here* |  |  |  | in a loaf shape | vn cooking-45.3 «NP V PP.result PP.instrument»: agent=Patient in shape=Instrument |

## Meaning 3 {#m3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
To loaf, or loaf around, is to spend time doing nothing.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:m3:1
# text = To loaf, or loaf around, is to spend time doing nothing.
1	To	to	PART	TO	_	2	mark	_	_
2	loaf	loaf	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	_
4	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
6	around	around	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
8	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	10	cop	_	_
9	to	to	PART	TO	_	10	mark	_	_
10	spend	spend	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
12	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	acl	_	_
13	nothing	nothing	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Neg	12	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **loaf** | to-infinitive |  | loaf |  |  |  | around *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present |  |  |  |  | time | spend *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **do** | gerund | time *not said here* | nothing |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent nothing=Eventuality |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A baker makes 40 loaves a day.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:x1:1
# text = A baker makes 40 loaves a day.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	baker	baker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	40	40	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	loaves	loaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	day	day	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | a baker | 40 loaves |  |  | day |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset loaf=Product |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each loaf has 12 slices.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:x2:1
# text = Each loaf has 12 slices.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	has	have	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	12	12	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	slices	slice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | present | each loaf | 12 slices |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent slice=Patient |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A loaf costs 2 dollars.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:x3:1
# text = A loaf costs 2 dollars.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	costs	cost	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	2	2	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	dollars	dollar	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **cost** | present | a loaf | 2 dollars |  |  |  |  | vn cost-54.2 «NP V NP.value»: agent=Theme dollar=Value |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many loaves for 60 slices?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:x4:1
# text = How many loaves for 60 slices?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	loaves	loaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
4	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	6	nummod	_	_
6	slices	slice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Please buy a loaf of bread on the way home.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:x5:1
# text = Please buy a loaf of bread on the way home.
1	Please	please	INTJ	UH	_	2	discourse	_	_
2	buy	buy	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	bread	bread	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	on	on	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	_
10	home	home	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **buy** | imperative | you *not said here* | a loaf of bread |  | the way |  |  | vn accept-77.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loaf=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The Little Red Hen baked a loaf all by herself.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:x6:1
# text = The Little Red Hen baked a loaf all by herself.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	Little	Little	ADJ	NNP	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Red	Red	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	Hen	Hen	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	baked	bake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	all	all	ADV	RB	_	10	advmod	_	_
9	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **bake** | past | the Red Hen | a loaf |  |  |  | by Hen | vn build-26.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent loaf=Product |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fresh loaf smelled wonderful.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:x7:1
# text = The fresh loaf smelled wonderful.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	loaf	loaf	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	smelled	smell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	wonderful	wonderful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **smell** | past | the fresh loaf |  |  |  |  | wonderful *property* | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Stimulus |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
He loafed around all Saturday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:x8:1
# text = He loafed around all Saturday.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	loafed	loaf	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	around	around	ADP	IN	_	5	case	_	_
4	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	5	det	_	_
5	Saturday	Saturday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **loaf** | past | He |  |  |  | saturday |  | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
'Crumble those three loaves for the ants,' he said.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loaf:x9:1
# text = 'Crumble those three loaves for the ants,' he said.
1	'	'	PUNCT	``	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Crumble	crumble	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	ccomp	_	_
3	those	that	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	5	det	_	_
4	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	loaves	loaf	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	conj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ants	ant	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	'	'	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
11	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	12	nsubj	_	_
12	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | he |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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