---
title: longbow — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «longbow» in the school dictionary: A large bow, about as tall as a man, made of one piece of wood (often yew), used for shooting arrows. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# longbow

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** Robin Hood, archers, longbowmen, longbow, Medieval boys, whole troop · **What happens:** make, use, be, draw, fire, help · **To what, where:** large bow, great shot, English longbows, yew wood, longbows, Agincourt

<!-- .vabout -->
«longbow» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 8 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [longbow in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/longbow.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A large bow, about as tall as a man, made of one piece of wood (often yew), used for shooting arrows.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:m1:1
# text = A large bow, about as tall as a man, made of one piece of wood (often yew), used for shooting arrows.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bow	bow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
5	about	about	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
6	as	as	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
7	tall	tall	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
8	as	as	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
12	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	15	nummod	_	_
15	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obl	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
17	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
18	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	often	often	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	yew	yew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	acl	_	_
24	for	for	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
25	shooting	shooting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	compound	_	_
26	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | participle |  | a large bow *not said here* |  |  |  | of one piece of wood | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | a large bow *not said here* |  |  |  | for shooting arrows | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: history — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The famous weapon of English and Welsh archers in the Middle Ages.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:m2:1
# text = The famous weapon of English and Welsh archers in the Middle Ages.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	weapon	weapon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
4	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
5	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	Welsh	welsh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	conj	_	_
8	archers	archer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nmod	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	Middle	Middle	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	flat	_	_
12	Ages	Age	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .note -->
The frames reader finds no event or fact in this sentence.

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Robin Hood was a great shot with the longbow.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:x1:1
# text = Robin Hood was a great shot with the longbow.
1	Robin	Robin	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	compound	_	_
2	Hood	Hood	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	shot	shot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	with	with	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	longbow	longbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | Robin Hood | a great shot |  |  |  | with the longbow | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
English longbows were made from yew wood.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:x2:1
# text = English longbows were made from yew wood.
1	English	English	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	longbows	longbow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux:pass	_	_
4	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	yew	yew	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | past · passive |  | English longbows |  | yew wood |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V PP»: subject=Product from wood=Material |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The archers drew their longbows and fired.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:x3:1
# text = The archers drew their longbows and fired.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	archers	archer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	drew	draw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	longbows	longbow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	7	cc	_	_
7	fired	fire	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **draw** | past | the archers | archers's longbows |  |  |  |  | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent longbow=Theme |
| 2 | **fire** | participle | the archers *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
At Agincourt, longbowmen helped win the battle.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:x4:1
# text = At Agincourt, longbowmen helped win the battle.
1	At	at	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	Agincourt	Agincourt	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	longbowmen	longbowman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	helped	help	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	win	win	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	battle	battle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **help** | past | longbowmen |  |  | Agincourt |  |  | vn help-72.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Theme |
| 2 | **win** | infinitive | longbowmen *not said here* | the battle |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent battle=Eventuality |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A longbow can shoot an arrow over 200 metres.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:x5:1
# text = A longbow can shoot an arrow over 200 metres.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	longbow	longbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	shoot	shoot	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
5	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	arrow	arrow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
7	over	over	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	200	200	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	9	nummod	_	_
9	metres	metre	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shoot** | can | a longbow | a arrow |  |  |  | 200 metres *obl:unmarked* | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arrow=Theme |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Medieval boys had to practise with the longbow every Sunday.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:x6:1
# text = Medieval boys had to practise with the longbow every Sunday.
1	Medieval	medieval	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	2	amod	_	_
2	boys	boy	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	to	to	PART	TO	_	5	mark	_	_
5	practise	practise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	3	xcomp	_	_
6	with	with	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	longbow	longbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	10	det	_	_
10	Sunday	Sunday	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | Medieval boys |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **practise** | to-infinitive | Medieval boys *not said here* |  |  |  | sunday | with the longbow | tree rules |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The longbow is taller than most people.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:x7:1
# text = The longbow is taller than most people.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	longbow	longbow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	taller	tall	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	0	root	_	_
5	than	than	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	most	most	ADJ	JJS	Degree=Sup	7	amod	_	_
7	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | the longbow |  |  |  |  | than most people; tall *property* | tree rules |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
First came a whole troop of drummers, beating their drums very cleverly; they were followed by life-guards, with longbows and crossbows.

<!-- fold The tree, 22 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:longbow:x8:1
# text = First came a whole troop of drummers, beating their drums very cleverly; they were followed by life-guards, with longbows and crossbows.
1	First	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	2	advmod	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	troop	troop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	drummers	drummer	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
9	beating	beat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
10	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	drums	drum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
12	very	very	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	cleverly	cleverly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	17	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	aux:pass	_	_
17	followed	follow	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	parataxis	_	_
18	by	by	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
19	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	19	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	guards	guard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obl:agent	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
23	with	with	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
24	longbows	longbow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	crossbows	crossbow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a whole troop of drummers |  |  |  |  | with longbows and crossbows; first *property* | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **beat** | gerund | a whole troop of drummers *not said here* | drummers's drums |  |  |  | cleverly *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location drum=Theme |
| 3 | **follow** | past · passive | life guards | drums *= drum* |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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