---
title: lorry — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lorry» in the school dictionary: A lorry is a big vehicle for carrying goods on roads; in America and Canada it is called a truck. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# lorry

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lorry, big vehicle, lorry load, one lorry, big lorry, rubbish lorry · **What happens:** be, carry, call, hold, need, travel · **To what, where:** big vehicle, goods, roads, lorry, America, amount · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«lorry» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 9 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lorry in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lorry.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lorry is a big vehicle for carrying goods on roads; in America and Canada it is called a truck.

<!-- fold The tree, 20 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:m1:1
# text = A lorry is a big vehicle for carrying goods on roads; in America and Canada it is called a truck.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
5	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	vehicle	vehicle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	SCONJ	IN	_	8	mark	_	_
8	carrying	carry	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	acl	_	_
9	goods	goods	NOUN	NNS	Number=Ptan	8	obj	_	_
10	on	on	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
11	roads	road	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	19	punct	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	America	America	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
16	Canada	Canada	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	14	conj	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj:pass	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux:pass	_	_
19	called	call	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	acl	_	_
20	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	truck	truck	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lorry | a big vehicle |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | gerund | a big vehicle *not said here* | goods |  | roads |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent goods=Theme |
| 3 | **call** | present · passive | a big vehicle *not said here* | lorry |  | America and Canada |  |  | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lorry load is the amount one lorry carries.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:m2:1
# text = A lorry load is the amount one lorry carries.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	load	load	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	amount	amount	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nsubj	_	_
9	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lorry load | the amount |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **carry** | present | one lorry | the amount *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent amount=Theme |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lorry carries 8 tons of sand.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:x1:1
# text = A lorry carries 8 tons of sand.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	carries	carry	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	8	8	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	tons	ton	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	sand	sand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | present | a lorry | 8 tons of sand |  |  |  |  | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ton=Theme |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Each lorry holds 50 boxes.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:x2:1
# text = Each lorry holds 50 boxes.
1	Each	each	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	holds	hold	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	50	50	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	boxes	box	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | present | each lorry | 50 boxes |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent box=Theme |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
How many lorries are needed for 300 boxes?

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:x3:1
# text = How many lorries are needed for 300 boxes?
1	How	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	2	advmod	_	_
2	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lorries	lorry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux:pass	_	_
5	needed	need	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	300	300	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	8	nummod	_	_
8	boxes	box	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **need** | present · passive |  | many lorries |  |  |  | for 300 boxes | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lorry travels 60 km an hour.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:x4:1
# text = The lorry travels 60 km an hour.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	travels	travel	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	60	60	NUM	CD	NumForm=Digit|NumType=Card	5	nummod	_	_
5	km	km	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	_
6	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	hour	hour	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **travel** | present | the lorry | 60 km |  |  | hour |  | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A big lorry delivered bricks for the new house.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:x5:1
# text = A big lorry delivered bricks for the new house.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	big	big	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	delivered	deliver	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	bricks	brick	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	new	new	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **deliver** | past | a big lorry | bricks |  |  |  | for the new house | vn birth-28.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent brick=Patient |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The rubbish lorry comes on Tuesdays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:x6:1
# text = The rubbish lorry comes on Tuesdays.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	rubbish	rubbish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	comes	come	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	Tuesdays	Tuesday	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | present | the rubbish lorry |  |  |  | tuesday |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Stay well back from a turning lorry.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:x7:1
# text = Stay well back from a turning lorry.
1	Stay	stay	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	well	well	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	1	advmod	_	_
3	back	back	ADV	RB	_	1	advmod	_	_
4	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
6	turning	turning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stay** | imperative | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | well *property* | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

## Example 8 {#x8}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The lorry driver stopped for a rest.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:x8:1
# text = The lorry driver stopped for a rest.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	lorry	lorry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	driver	driver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	stopped	stop	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	rest	rest	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stop** | past | the lorry driver |  |  |  |  | for a rest | vn stop-55.4-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |

## Example 9 {#x9}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
We counted red lorries on the motorway.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lorry:x9:1
# text = We counted red lorries on the motorway.
1	We	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	counted	count	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	lorries	lorry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obj	_	_
5	on	on	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	motorway	motorway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **count** | past | We | red lorries |  | the motorway |  |  | vn multiply-108 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lorry=Theme |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

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