--- title: loth — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics description: «loth» in the school dictionary: Loth means unwilling or reluctant to do something. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics. --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/loth/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [L](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/) / loth # loth **Who acts:** Loth, She, old man, I · **What happens:** mean, do, be, leave, give up, ask · **To what, where:** something, friends, her «loth» in the school dictionary: its meaning for a pupil and its 3 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [loth in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/loth.md). ## Meaning 1 {#m1} Loth means unwilling or reluctant to do something. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:school:loth:m1:1 # text = Loth means unwilling or reluctant to do something. 1 Loth loth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 nsubj _ _ 2 means mean VERB VBZ Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 unwilling unwilling ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 xcomp _ _ 4 or or CCONJ CC _ 5 cc _ _ 5 reluctant reluctant ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 conj _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 do do VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ 8 something something PRON NN Number=Sing|PronType=Ind 7 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 9 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **mean** | present | Loth | | | | | unwilling *property* | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **do** | to-infinitive | Loth *not said here* | something | | | | | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent something=Eventuality | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. ## Example 1 {#x1} She was loth to leave her friends. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:school:loth:x1:1 # text = She was loth to leave her friends. 1 She she PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 loth loth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 leave leave VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ _ 6 her her PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 friends friend NOUN NNS Number=Plur 5 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 8 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | She | | | | | loth *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **leave** | to-infinitive | She *not said here* | her friends | | | | | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent friend=Theme | ## Example 2 {#x2} The old man was loth to give her up. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:school:loth:x2:1 # text = The old man was loth to give her up. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 2 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 3 amod _ _ 3 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 nsubj _ _ 4 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 cop _ _ 5 loth loth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 6 to to PART TO _ 7 mark _ _ 7 give give VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 xcomp _ _ 8 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 7 iobj _ _ 9 up up ADP RP _ 7 compound:prt _ SpaceAfter=No 10 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the old man | | | | | loth *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **give up** | to-infinitive | the old man *not said here* | | her *= she* | | | | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Source | ## Example 3 {#x3} I am loth to ask, but I must. ```conllu # sent_id = dict:school:loth:x3:1 # text = I am loth to ask, but I must. 1 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 2 am be AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 3 cop _ _ 3 loth loth ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 0 root _ _ 4 to to PART TO _ 5 mark _ _ 5 ask ask VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 3 xcomp _ SpaceAfter=No 6 , , PUNCT , _ 9 punct _ _ 7 but but CCONJ CC _ 9 cc _ _ 8 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 9 nsubj _ _ 9 must must AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 10 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | present | I | | | | | loth *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive | I *not said here* | | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent | **Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License. - ← previous: [lot](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lot/) - next →: [lotion](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lotion/) - ↑ back to [L in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/)