---
title: loudspeaker — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «loudspeaker» in the school dictionary: A device that turns electrical signals into sound and makes voices or music louder, so many people can hear. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

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# loudspeaker

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** device, many people, loudspeaker, everyone, head teacher, announcement · **What happens:** turn, make, hear, mean, speak, come · **To what, where:** electrical signals, sound, voices, loudspeaker, music, Granny · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«loudspeaker» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 6 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [loudspeaker in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/loudspeaker.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A device that turns electrical signals into sound and makes voices or music louder, so many people can hear.

<!-- fold The tree, 19 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loudspeaker:m1:1
# text = A device that turns electrical signals into sound and makes voices or music louder, so many people can hear.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	device	device	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
3	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	4	nsubj	_	_
4	turns	turn	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	acl:relcl	_	_
5	electrical	electrical	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	signals	signal	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obj	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	sound	sound	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
11	voices	voice	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
12	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	conj	_	_
14	louder	loud	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
16	so	so	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
17	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nsubj	_	_
19	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
20	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | present | a device | electrical signals |  | sound |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent signal=Theme into sound=Trajectory |
| 2 | **make** | present | a device *not said here* | voices or music |  |  |  | loud *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset voice=Product |
| 3 | **hear** | can | many people |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
«On loudspeaker» (on a phone) means so everyone in the room can hear.

<!-- fold The tree, 13 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loudspeaker:m2:1
# text = «On loudspeaker» (on a phone) means so everyone in the room can hear.
1	«	«	PUNCT	``	_	3	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	loudspeaker	loudspeaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	»	»	PUNCT	''	_	3	punct	_	_
5	(	(	PUNCT	-LRB-	_	8	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	on	on	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	phone	phone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	)	)	PUNCT	-RRB-	_	8	punct	_	_
10	means	mean	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
11	so	so	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
12	everyone	everyone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Tot	17	nsubj	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	room	room	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nmod	_	_
16	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	17	aux	_	_
17	hear	hear	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	10	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **mean** | present | loudspeaker and a phone |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 2 | **hear** | can | everyone |  |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The head teacher spoke over the loudspeaker.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loudspeaker:x1:1
# text = The head teacher spoke over the loudspeaker.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	head	head	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	teacher	teacher	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spoke	speak	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	over	over	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	loudspeaker	loudspeaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past | the head teacher |  |  | the loudspeaker |  |  | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
An announcement came over the loudspeaker at the train station.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loudspeaker:x2:1
# text = An announcement came over the loudspeaker at the train station.
1	An	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	announcement	announcement	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	over	over	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	loudspeaker	loudspeaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	train	train	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	compound	_	_
10	station	station	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | a announcement |  |  | the loudspeaker |  | at the train station | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme over loudspeaker=Initial\_Location |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The loudspeaker makes the music loud enough for the whole hall.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loudspeaker:x3:1
# text = The loudspeaker makes the music loud enough for the whole hall.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	loudspeaker	loudspeaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	makes	make	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	loud	loud	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
7	enough	enough	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	whole	whole	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	hall	hall	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **make** | present | the loudspeaker | the music |  |  |  | for the whole hall; enough, loud *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent music=Product for hall=Asset |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Put Granny on loudspeaker so we can all say hello.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loudspeaker:x4:1
# text = Put Granny on loudspeaker so we can all say hello.
1	Put	put	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
2	Granny	Granny	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	obj	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	loudspeaker	loudspeaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl	_	_
5	so	so	SCONJ	IN	_	9	mark	_	_
6	we	we	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=1|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
7	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	9	aux	_	_
8	all	all	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
9	say	say	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	1	advcl	_	_
10	hello	hello	INTJ	UH	_	9	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put** | imperative | you *not said here* | Granny |  | loudspeaker |  |  | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V PP.destination NP»: agent=Agent granny=Theme on loudspeaker=Destination |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | can | we |  |  |  |  | all *property* | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent hello=Topic |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Inside a loudspeaker is a magnet and a cone.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loudspeaker:x5:1
# text = Inside a loudspeaker is a magnet and a cone.
1	Inside	inside	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	loudspeaker	loudspeaker	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	magnet	magnet	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	cone	cone	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present |  | a magnet and a cone |  | a loudspeaker |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The fire alarm instructions came through the loudspeakers.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:loudspeaker:x6:1
# text = The fire alarm instructions came through the loudspeakers.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	compound	_	_
3	alarm	alarm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	instructions	instruction	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	nsubj	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	through	through	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	loudspeakers	loudspeaker	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the alarm instructions |  |  | the loudspeakers |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme through loudspeaker=Initial\_Location |

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**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

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