---
title: lover — school dictionary · trees and pragmatics
description: «lover» in the school dictionary: A lover of something is a person who likes it very much: an animal lover, a book lover, a music lover. Every meaning for a pupil with its dependency tree and pragmatics.
---

<!-- md -->
[Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lover/)

<!-- crumbs -->
[home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [dictionaries](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/) / [school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/) / [L](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/) / lover

# lover

<!-- .vintro -->
**Who acts:** lover, person, someone, aunt, book, Dad · **What happens:** be, like, love, not marry, walk, call · **To what, where:** person, lover, romantic way, close relationship, they, great animal lover · **Speech:** someone speaks here

<!-- .vabout -->
«lover» in the school dictionary: its 2 meanings for a pupil and its 7 examples, every sentence parsed by Mova itself — its syntax tree, a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies, and its pragmatics clause by clause. The word in the dictionary, with its sense in the lessons: [lover in the school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/dictionaries/school/w/lover.md).

## Meaning 1 {#m1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lover of something is a person who likes it very much: an animal lover, a book lover, a music lover.

<!-- fold The tree, 21 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lover:m1:1
# text = A lover of something is a person who likes it very much: an animal lover, a book lover, a music lover.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lover	lover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	something	something	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	2	nmod	_	_
5	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
6	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
8	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	9	nsubj	_	_
9	likes	like	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	acl:relcl	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	obj	_	_
11	very	very	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	much	much	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	16	punct	_	_
14	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
15	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	lover	lover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	_
20	lover	lover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
22	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	music	music	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	compound	_	_
24	lover	lover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lover of something | a person and a animal lover and a book lover and a music lover |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **like** | present | a person and a animal lover and a book lover and a music lover | lover |  |  |  |  | vn want-32.1-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Pivot it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

## Meaning 2 {#m2}

<!-- .note -->
Usage: adult — kept apart, not parsed.

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
A lover is a person someone loves in a romantic way and is in a close relationship with, especially when they are not married.

<!-- fold The tree, 24 words -->
```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lover:m2:1
# text = A lover is a person someone loves in a romantic way and is in a close relationship with, especially when they are not married.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	lover	lover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	_
6	someone	someone	PRON	NN	Number=Sing|PronType=Ind	7	nsubj	_	_
7	loves	love	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	acl:relcl	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	romantic	romantic	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
13	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	17	cop	_	_
14	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
15	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
16	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	relationship	relationship	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obj	_	_
18	with	with	SCONJ	IN	_	25	mark	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
20	especially	especially	ADV	RB	_	25	advmod	_	_
21	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	25	advmod	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	25	nsubj:pass	_	_
23	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	25	aux:pass	_	_
24	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	25	advmod	_	_
25	married	marry	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	17	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | a lover | a person |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **love** | present | someone | a person *not said here* |  | a romantic way |  |  | vn admire-31.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer person=Stimulus |
| 3 | **is** | present |  |  |  | a close relationship |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **not** **marry** | present · passive |  | they |  |  |  | especially *property* | vn amalgamate-22.2-3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |

## Example 1 {#x1}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
My aunt is a great animal lover.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lover:x1:1
# text = My aunt is a great animal lover.
1	My	my	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Sing|Person=1|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	aunt	aunt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	7	cop	_	_
4	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
5	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
6	animal	animal	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	lover	lover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	7	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | My aunt | a great animal lover |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 2 {#x2}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
This book is perfect for lovers of adventure stories.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lover:x2:1
# text = This book is perfect for lovers of adventure stories.
1	This	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	2	det	_	_
2	book	book	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	perfect	perfect	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	for	for	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	lovers	lover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	obl	_	_
7	of	of	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	adventure	adventure	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	stories	story	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | present | this book |  |  |  |  | for lovers of adventure stories; perfect *property* | tree rules |

## Example 3 {#x3}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Dad is a football lover.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lover:x3:1
# text = Dad is a football lover.
1	Dad	dad	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
2	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
4	football	football	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	compound	_	_
5	lover	lover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Dad | a football lover |  |  |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 4 {#x4}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Romeo and Juliet are the most famous lovers in plays.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lover:x4:1
# text = Romeo and Juliet are the most famous lovers in plays.
1	Romeo	Romeo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
2	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	3	cc	_	_
3	Juliet	Juliet	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	conj	_	_
4	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
6	most	most	ADV	RBS	Degree=Sup	7	advmod	_	_
7	famous	famous	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	8	amod	_	_
8	lovers	lover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	0	root	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	plays	play	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | Romeo and Juliet | the famous lovers |  | plays |  |  | tree rules |

## Example 5 {#x5}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
The two lovers walked hand in hand by the river.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lover:x5:1
# text = The two lovers walked hand in hand by the river.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	lovers	lover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	by	by	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
10	river	river	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | the two lovers | hand |  | hand |  | by the river | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent hand=Theme in hand=Trajectory |

## Example 6 {#x6}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Calling all chocolate lovers: free samples today!

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lover:x6:1
# text = Calling all chocolate lovers: free samples today!
1	Calling	call	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
2	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	4	det	_	_
3	chocolate	chocolate	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	lovers	lover	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	:	:	PUNCT	:	_	7	punct	_	_
6	free	free	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	7	amod	_	_
7	samples	sample	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	1	obl	_	_
8	today	today	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	1	obl:unmarked	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	!	!	PUNCT	.	_	1	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **call** | gerund |  | all chocolate lovers |  |  | today | free samples *obl* | vn initiate\_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent lover=Recipient |

## Example 7 {#x7}

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Then she hurried away with her lover.

```conllu
# sent_id = dict:school:lover:x7:1
# text = Then she hurried away with her lover.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	3	advmod	_	_
2	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	hurried	hurry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	away	away	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
5	with	with	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	7	nmod:poss	_	_
7	lover	lover	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hurry away** | past | she |  |  |  | then | with her lover; away *property* | vn rush-53.2 «NP V PP.eventuality»: agent=Agent with lover=Eventuality |

<!-- div src -->

**Text:** the school dictionary of Mova's schools (`world/data/dictionary-schools/`), written for Mova. **Trees:** Mova's own parse — the `en` model on the CPU, when the site is built — not checked by a teacher; they may be wrong. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), each meaning and example read on its own. Elamur Cosmic License.

<!-- /div -->

<!-- pn -->
- ← previous: [lovely](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lovely/)
- next →: [lovesick](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/lovesick/)
- ↑ back to [L in school dictionary](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/dictionaries/school/L/)